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Diabetes is the most common cause of retinopathy in the U.S. as of 2008. [4] Diabetic retinopathy is the leading cause of blindness in working-aged people. [5] It accounts for about 5% of blindness worldwide and is designated a priority eye disease by the World Health Organization. [6]
There are many diseases known to cause ocular or visual changes. Diabetes , for example, is the leading cause of new cases of blindness in those aged 20–74, with ocular manifestations such as diabetic retinopathy and macular edema affecting up to 80% of those who have had the disease for 15 years or more.
Retinitis is inflammation of the retina in the eye, which can permanently damage the retina and lead to blindness. The retina is the eye's "sensing" tissue. Retinitis may be caused by a number of different infectious agents. Its most common form, called retinitis pigmentosa, has a prevalence of one in every 2,500–7,000 people.
While many factors can contribute to it occurring, the leading cause of vision loss in older adults is age-related macular degeneration, according to the U.S. Department of Health and Human ...
Age-related macular degeneration is a main cause of central blindness among the working-aged population worldwide. [6] As of 2022, it affects more than 200 million people globally with the prevalence expected to increase to 300 million people by 2040 as the proportion of elderly persons in the population increases.
Other disorders that may cause visual problems include age-related macular degeneration, diabetic retinopathy, corneal clouding, childhood blindness, and a number of infections. [11] Visual impairment can also be caused by problems in the brain due to stroke , premature birth , or trauma, among others. [ 12 ]
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