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P is the permeability, an experimentally determined membrane "conductance" for a given gas at a given temperature, c 2 − c 1 is the difference in concentration of the gas across the membrane for the direction of flow (from c 1 to c 2). Fick's first law is also important in radiation transfer equations.
The membrane is a homogeneous substance; The electrical field is constant so that the transmembrane potential varies linearly across the membrane; The ions access the membrane instantaneously from the intra- and extracellular solutions; The permeant ions do not interact; The movement of ions is affected by both concentration and voltage differences
The ionic charge determines the sign of the membrane potential contribution. During an action potential, although the membrane potential changes about 100mV, the concentrations of ions inside and outside the cell do not change significantly. They are always very close to their respective concentrations when the membrane is at their resting ...
Schematic drawing of a molecule in a cylindrical pore in the case of Knudsen diffusion; are indicated the pore diameter (d) and the free path of the particle (l).Knudsen diffusion, named after Martin Knudsen, is a means of diffusion that occurs when the scale length of a system is comparable to or smaller than the mean free path of the particles involved.
Staverman's reflection coefficient, σ, is a unitless constant that is specific to the permeability of a membrane to a given solute. [4] The Starling equation, written without σ, describes the flow of a solvent across a membrane that is impermeable to the solutes contained within the solution. [5]
where r m is the membrane resistance (the force that impedes the flow of electric current from the outside of the membrane to the inside, and vice versa), r i is the axial resistance (the force that impedes current flow through the axoplasm, parallel to the membrane), and r o is the extracellular resistance (the force that impedes current flow ...
The membrane voltage will become zero, but the chemical gradient will still exist. To neutralize the negative charges within the cell, cations flow in, which increases the osmotic pressure inside relative to the outside of the cell. The increased osmotic pressure forces water to flow into the cell and tissue swelling occurs. [9]
Darcy's law is an equation that describes the flow of a fluid through a porous medium and through a Hele-Shaw cell.The law was formulated by Henry Darcy based on results of experiments [1] on the flow of water through beds of sand, forming the basis of hydrogeology, a branch of earth sciences.