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  2. Surface map - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Surface_map

    In mathematics, geology, and cartography, a surface map is a 2D perspective representation of a 3-dimensional surface. [1] Surface maps usually represent real-world entities such as landforms or the surfaces of objects. They can, however, serve as an abstraction where the third, or even all of the dimensions correspond to non-spatial data. In ...

  3. Nicotinic acid - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nicotinic_acid

    For humans, the efficiency of conversion is estimated as requiring 60 mg of tryptophan to make 1 mg of niacin. Riboflavin , vitamin B 6 and iron are required for the process. [ 20 ] Pellagra is a consequence of a corn-dominant diet because the niacin in corn is poorly bioavailable and corn proteins are low in tryptophan compared to wheat and ...

  4. Vitamin B3 - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vitamin_B3

    Example of a label showing the amount of niacin (Vitamin B3), and specifying to be niacinamide in the ingredient section.. As flour fortification started adding niacin in the US, the United States Government adopted the terms niacin (a shortened form of "nicotinic acid vitamin") and niacinamide in 1942 as alternate names for nicotinic acid and nicotinamide, respectively, and encouraged their ...

  5. Nicotinamide - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nicotinamide

    Nicotinamide (INN, BAN UK [2]) or niacinamide (USAN US) is a form of vitamin B 3 found in food and used as a dietary supplement and medication. [3] [4] [5] As a supplement, it is used orally (swallowed by mouth) to prevent and treat pellagra (niacin deficiency). [4]

  6. Megavitamin therapy - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Megavitamin_therapy

    Niacin is available as a prescription product, either immediate release (500 mg tablets; prescribed up to 3,000 mg/day) or extended release (500 and 1,000 mg tablets; prescribed up to 2,000 mg/day). In the US, niacin is also available as a dietary supplement at 500 to 1,000 mg/tablet. Niacin has sometimes been used in combination with other ...

  7. Dihydronicotinamide mononucleotide - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dihydronicotinamide...

    NMNH (Dihydronicotinamide mononucleotide), also known as reduced nicotinamide mononucleotide. [1] Both NMNH and NMN increase NAD+ levels in the body. [1] NAD+ is a universal coenzyme that plays vital roles in nearly all living organisms functioning in various biological processes such as metabolism, cell signaling, gene regulation, and DNA repair.

  8. Pellagra - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pellagra

    Pellagra is a disease caused by a lack of the vitamin niacin (vitamin B 3). [2] Symptoms include inflamed skin, diarrhea, dementia, and sores in the mouth. [1] Areas of the skin exposed to friction and radiation are typically affected first. [1] Over time affected skin may become darker, stiffen, peel, or bleed. [1] [3]

  9. Inositol nicotinate - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Inositol_nicotinate

    Liver disease or kidney disease: Niacin can accumulate in people with liver or kidney problems, potentially worsening their condition. [ 1 ] Bleeding disorders : Inositol nicotinate may slow blood clotting, increasing the risk of bleeding for individuals with clotting disorders or those undergoing surgery.