Search results
Results From The WOW.Com Content Network
Preventable with vaccine and PEP but once symptoms manifest, there is no cure and the CFR is greater than 99%. 4 known people who survived were simply vaccinated too late, [5] after symptoms started; more recently, at least 3 individuals have survived after being placed in a medically induced coma, however this protocol has since been disputed. [6]
[5] [7] Until the 20th century anthrax infections killed hundreds of thousands of people and animals each year. [14] In herbivorous animals infection occurs when they eat or breathe in the spores while grazing. [11] Animals may become infected by killing and/or eating infected animals. [11] Several countries have developed anthrax as a weapon. [7]
The ACIP was established in March 1964 by the US Surgeon General to assist in the prevention and control of communicable diseases, [2] it recommends licensed new vaccines to be incorporated into the routine immunization schedule, recommends vaccine formulations, and reviews older vaccines to consider revising its recommendations.
In September 2001, letters containing anthrax spores were mailed to several news media offices and two U.S. Senators, killing five people and infecting 17 others. Of those infected, 11 developed cutaneous anthrax, while 11 developed inhalation anthrax. 20 of the 22 infected worked at a site where contaminated mail was handled or received. [7]
Anthrax vaccine adsorbed is classified as a subunit vaccine that is cell-free and containing no whole or live anthrax bacteria. [7] The antigen (immunologically active) portions are produced from culture filtrates of a toxigenic, but avirulent, nonencapsulated mutant — known as V770-NP1-R — of the B. anthracis Vollum strain. [8]
On October 1, 2008, Michael O. Leavitt, Secretary of Health and Human Services, declared a need "to provide targeted liability protections for anthrax countermeasures" because "I have determined there is a credible risk that the threat of exposure of B. anthracis and the resulting disease constitutes a public health emergency" until the year ...
2000 – CDC identified an outbreak of HIV-related tuberculosis among young transgender people in New York and Boston. 2001 – CDC learned of the first of the 2001 anthrax attacks. 2002 – CDC reported that U.S. newborn HIV infections were down 80 percent since 1981. 2003 – Severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) was first reported in Asia ...
Anthrax is a disease caused by Bacillus anthracis, a spore-forming, Gram positive, rod-shaped bacterium (Fig. 1).The lethality of the disease is caused by the bacterium's two principal virulence factors: (i) the polyglutamic acid capsule, which is anti-phagocytic, and (ii) the tripartite protein toxin, called anthrax toxin.