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Vitamin B 12 deficiency can be determined, but not always. [14] This means it measures forms of vitamin B 12 that are "active" and can be used by the body, as well as the "inactive" forms, which cannot. [151] Vitamin B 12 deficiency can be found within normal levels, so clinical symptoms should be taken into account when a diagnosis is made. [2]
Folate deficiency can be secondary to vitamin B 12 deficiency or a defect in homocysteine methyl transferase that leads to a "folate trap" in which is an inactive metabolite that cannot be recovered. [1] Diagnosis is typically confirmed by blood tests, including a complete blood count, and serum folate levels. [1]
Serum vitamin B 12 is a medical laboratory test that measure vitamin B 12 only in the blood binding to both transcobalamins. [1] Most of the time, 80–94% of vitamin B 12 in the blood binds to haptocorrin , while only 6–20% is binds to transcobalamin ll. [ 2 ] Only transcobalamin ll is "active" and can be used by the body. [ 1 ]
Folate levels in the individual may affect the course of pathological changes and symptomatology of vitamin B 12 deficiency. Vitamin B 12 deficiency in pregnant women is strongly associated with an increased risk of spontaneous abortion, congenital malformations such as neural tube defects, and problems with brain development growth in the ...
[56] [57] Low levels of serum vitamin B 12 may be caused by other factors than B 12 deficiency, such as folate deficiency, pregnancy, oral contraceptive use, haptocorrin deficiency, and myeloma. [57] High serum levels may caused by supplementing with vitamin B 12, present of antibodies to intrinsic factor, or due to underlying condition. [56]
She gives a nod to vitamin B12 for vegans and vegetarians – one study found that 92 per cent of vegans were deficient compared to 11 per cent of omnivores, and evidence links deficiency with ...