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The concept of the stochastic discount factor (SDF) is used in financial economics and mathematical finance.The name derives from the price of an asset being computable by "discounting" the future cash flow ~ by the stochastic factor ~, and then taking the expectation. [1]
The weighted-average loan age (WALA) is measure used in pools of mortgage-backed securities that defines the average number of months since the date of note origination of all the loans in a pool weighted by remaining principal balance. [1] In the calculation each loan's size is in proportion to its aggregate total of the pool. [2]
Relation with deviation risk measure [ edit ] There is a one-to-one relationship between a deviation risk measure D and an expectation-bounded risk measure ρ {\displaystyle \rho } where for any X ∈ L 2 {\displaystyle X\in {\mathcal {L}}^{2}}
If a data distribution is approximately normal then about 68 percent of the data values are within one standard deviation of the mean (mathematically, μ ± σ, where μ is the arithmetic mean), about 95 percent are within two standard deviations (μ ± 2σ), and about 99.7 percent lie within three standard deviations (μ ± 3σ).
The average magnitude of the observations is merely an approximation of the standard deviation of the market index. Assuming that the market index daily changes are normally distributed with mean zero and standard deviation σ, the expected value of the magnitude of the observations is √(2/ π)σ = 0.798σ. The net effect is that this crude ...
The standard deviation is the square root of the variance. The standard deviation of the continuously compounded returns of a financial instrument is called volatility . The (yearly) volatility in a given asset price or rate over a term that starts from t 0 = 0 {\displaystyle t_{0}=0} corresponds to the spot volatility for that underlying, for ...
Trader Joe’s is recalling a type of cracker because the crackers might contain metal, marking the second significant recall the budget grocer has made in recent weeks because of foreign objects ...
Common examples of measures of statistical dispersion are the variance, standard deviation, and interquartile range. For instance, when the variance of data in a set is large, the data is widely scattered. On the other hand, when the variance is small, the data in the set is clustered.