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A saturated compound is a chemical compound (or ion) that resists addition reactions, such as hydrogenation, oxidative addition, and binding of a Lewis base.The term is used in many contexts and for many classes of chemical compounds.
According to the rules of IUPAC nomenclature, ketone names are derived by changing the suffix-ane of the parent alkane to -anone. Typically, the position of the carbonyl group is denoted by a number, but traditional nonsystematic names are still generally used for the most important ketones, for example acetone and benzophenone.
Organic oils may also contain chemicals other than lipids, including proteins, waxes (class of compounds with oil-like properties that are solid at common temperatures) and alkaloids. Lipids can be classified by the way that they are made by an organism, their chemical structure and their limited solubility in water compared to oils.
Properties of vegetable oils [1] [2] The nutritional values are expressed as percent (%) by mass of total fat. Type Processing treatment [3] Saturated fatty acids Monounsaturated
Changing the degree of saturation of the fat changes some important physical properties, such as the melting range, which is why liquid oils become semi-solid. Solid or semi-solid fats are preferred for some baked goods such as biscuits and pie dough because how the fat mixes with flour produces a more desirable, crumbly texture in the baked ...
Vegetable oils and animal fats are the traditional materials that are saponified. These greasy materials, triesters called triglycerides , are usually mixtures derived from diverse fatty acids. In the traditional saponification, the triglyceride is treated with lye , which cleaves the ester bonds, releasing fatty acid salts (soaps) and glycerol .
Aging is a result of physical and chemical processes that change oil during storage and use in machines and mechanisms. The main cause of aging is exposure to high temperatures and contact with air that leads to oxidation, decomposition, polymerization and condensation of hydrocarbons.
These are properties that make naphthenic oils particularly useful for the speciality oil market: 1. Transformer oils. Naphthenic oils have excellent cooling and insulating properties because of a low viscosity index. The good solubility of the oils is also important for enhanced compatibility with seals and gaskets, for example. 2. Process oils.