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The College of Cardinals is divided into three orders, with formal precedence in the following sequence: [1]. Cardinal bishops (CB): the six cardinals who are assigned the titles of the seven suburbicarian dioceses in the vicinity of Rome by the pope, [a] plus a few other cardinals who have been exceptionally co-opted into the order, [9] [10] as well as patriarchs who head one of the Eastern ...
This is the order in which the cardinal electors process into the conclave, take the oath and cast their ballots. [1] For cardinal bishops, except the Eastern Catholic patriarchs , the dean is first in precedence , followed by the vice-dean and then by the rest in order of appointment as cardinal bishops.
Previously only the senior cardinal priest and the senior cardinal deacon had the privilege of requesting such an appointment (jus optionis) when a vacancy occurred. [30] In 1962 he established that all cardinals should be bishops, ending the identification of the order of cardinal deacon with cardinals who were not bishops. [31]
Two of them were the first cardinal-electors from their churches to participate in a papal conclave: Maronite Patriarch Bechara Boutros al-Rahi [d] [47] and Syro-Malankara Major-Archbishop Baselios Cleemis, the first bishop from the Syro-Malankara Church to be created cardinal. [48] [e] Two cardinal electors did not attend the conclave.
The scrutiny phase of the election is as follows: The cardinal electors proceed, in order of precedence, to take their completed ballots (which bear only the name of the individual voted for) to the altar, where the scrutineers stand. Before casting the ballot, each cardinal elector takes the following Latin oath:
The list contains 20 who are under the age of 80 and therefore able to vote in the conclave to elect a new pope after Francis's death or resignation. ... there will be 140 cardinal electors ...
California State Government Organization Archived 2010-10-06 at the Wayback Machine - Chart showing a hierarchy of the above departments and commissions; California State Agency Databases Archived 2016-03-07 at the Wayback Machine - Comprehensive list of state agencies and databases maintained by the American Library Association
Each of Francis' consistories has increased the number of cardinal electors from at or less than the set limit of 120 [b] to a number higher than 120, as high as 140 in 2024, surpassing the record 135 set by Pope John Paul II in 2001 and 2003. [2] Since 2 June 2023, two-thirds of the cardinal electors have been cardinals created by Francis. [3]