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Cytochrome b is a protein found in the membranes of aerobic cells. In eukaryotic mitochondria (inner membrane) and in aerobic prokaryotes , cytochrome b is a component of respiratory chain complex III ( EC 1.10.2.2 ) — also known as the bc1 complex or ubiquinol-cytochrome c reductase.
Location of the MT-CYB gene in the human mitochondrial genome (coral box).. Cytochrome b is a protein that in humans is encoded by the MT-CYB gene. [5] Its gene product is a subunit of the respiratory chain protein ubiquinol–cytochrome c reductase (UQCR, complex III or cytochrome bc 1 complex), which consists of the products of one mitochondrially encoded gene, MT-CYB (mitochondrial ...
Complex IV contains a cytochrome a/a3-domain that transfers electrons and catalyzes the reaction of oxygen to water. Photosystem II, the first protein complex in the light-dependent reactions of oxygenic photosynthesis, contains a cytochrome b subunit. Cyclooxygenase 2, an enzyme involved in inflammation, is a cytochrome b protein.
The CYBB gene encode cytochrome b-245, beta chain. This protein is subunit of a group of proteins that forms an enzyme complex called NADPH oxidase, which plays an essential role in the immune system. Within this complex, the cytochrome b-245, beta chain has an alpha chain partner (produced from the CYBA gene). Both alpha and beta chains are ...
Duodenal cytochrome B (Dcytb) also known as cytochrome b reductase 1 is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the CYBRD1 gene. Dcytb CYBRD1 was first identified as a ferric reductase enzyme which catalyzes the reduction of Fe 3+ to Fe 2+ required for dietary iron absorption in the duodenum of mammals. [ 5 ]
The cytochrome b 6 f complex is a dimer, with each monomer composed of eight subunits. [3] These consist of four large subunits: a 32 kDa cytochrome f with a c-type cytochrome, a 25 kDa cytochrome b 6 with a low- and high-potential heme group, a 19 kDa Rieske iron-sulfur protein containing a [2Fe-2S] cluster, and a 17 kDa subunit IV; along with four small subunits (3-4 kDa): PetG, PetL, PetM ...
The family of cytochrome b 5-like proteins includes (besides cytochrome b 5 itself) hemoprotein domains covalently associated with other redox domains in flavocytochrome cytochrome b 2 (L-lactate dehydrogenase; EC 1.1.2.3), sulfite oxidase (EC 1.8.3.1), plant and fungal nitrate reductases (EC 1.7.1.1, EC 1.7.1.2, EC 1.7.1.3), and plant and ...
NADH dehydrogenase → plastoquinol → b 6 f → cyt c 6 → cyt aa 3 → O 2. where the mobile electron carriers are plastoquinol and cytochrome c 6, while the proton pumps are NADH dehydrogenase, cyt b 6 f and cytochrome aa 3 (member of the COX3 family). Cyanobacteria are the only bacteria that produce oxygen during photosynthesis.