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Cultural artifact is a more generic term and should be considered with two words of similar, but narrower, nuance: it can include objects recovered from archaeological sites, i.e. archaeological artifacts, but can also include objects of modern or early-modern society, or social artifacts.
An archaeological artefact is any item that has been made or modified by past human cultures. Archaeologists give names to the artefacts that they find. These names may not always reflect the true purpose of the item and are sometimes deliberately vague.
Some scholars employ the idea that identity is fluid and constructed, especially national identity of modern nation-states, to argue that the post-colonial countries have no real claims to the artifacts plundered from their borders since their cultural connections to the artifacts are indirect and equivocal. [58]
For example, excavation of a site reveals its stratigraphy; if a site was occupied by a succession of distinct cultures, artifacts from more recent cultures will lie above those from more ancient cultures. Excavation is the most expensive phase of archaeological research, in relative terms. Also, as a destructive process, it carries ethical ...
B. Baal Lebanon inscription; Bann disc; Bashplemi lake tablet; Bat Creek Stone; Bead-rim pottery; Benin Altar Tusk; Beveled rim bowl; Blood antiquities; Bourgade inscriptions
Artifacts can come from any archaeological context or source such as: Buried along with a body; From any feature such as a midden or other domestic setting; Votive offerings; Hoards, such as in wells; Examples include stone tools, pottery vessels, metal objects such as weapons and items of personal adornment such as buttons, jewelry and clothing.
The material culture associated with archaeological excavations and the scholarly records in academic journals are the physical embodiment of the archaeological record. The ambiguity that is associated with the archaeological record is often due to the lack of examples, but the archaeological record is everything the science of archaeology has ...
The Convention for the Safeguarding of the Intangible Cultural Heritage [4] defines the intangible cultural heritage as the practices, representations, expressions, as well as the knowledge and skills (including instruments, objects, artifacts, cultural spaces), that communities, groups, and, in some cases, individuals, recognize as part of their cultural heritage.