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This is a partial list of human eye diseases and disorders. The World Health Organization (WHO) publishes a classification of known diseases and injuries, the International Statistical Classification of Diseases and Related Health Problems , or ICD-10.
There are many diseases known to cause ocular or visual changes. Diabetes , for example, is the leading cause of new cases of blindness in those aged 20–74, with ocular manifestations such as diabetic retinopathy and macular edema affecting up to 80% of those who have had the disease for 15 years or more.
Conjunctivitis is the most common eye disease. [46] Rates of disease is related to the underlying cause which varies by the age as well as the time of year. Acute conjunctivitis is most frequently found in infants, school-age children and the elderly. [19] The most common cause of infectious conjunctivitis is viral conjunctivitis. [27]
Ophthalmology (/ ˌɒfθælˈmɒlədʒi /, OFF-thal-MOL-ə-jee) [1] is a clinical and surgical specialty within medicine that deals with the diagnosis and treatment of eye disorders. [2] A former term is oculism. An ophthalmologist is a physician who undergoes subspecialty training in medical and surgical eye care. [3]
Christmas eye. Chronic relapsing inflammatory optic neuropathy. Closed-eye hallucination. Cogan syndrome. Coloboma. Coloboma of optic nerve. Computer vision syndrome. Congenital hypertrophy of the retinal pigment epithelium. Congenital stationary night blindness.
Visual or vision impairment (VI or VIP) is the partial or total inability of visual perception. In the absence of treatment such as corrective eyewear, assistive devices, and medical treatment, visual impairment may cause the individual difficulties with normal daily tasks, including reading and walking. [6] The terms low vision and blindness ...