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Holism. Holism is the interdisciplinary idea that systems possess properties as wholes apart from the properties of their component parts. [1][2][3] The aphorism "The whole is greater than the sum of its parts", typically attributed to Aristotle, is often given as a glib summary of this proposal. [4] The concept of holism can inform the ...
The approach is conventionally understood as having been developed by Franz Boas, who developed the discipline of anthropology in the United States. [1] [2] A 2013 re-assessment of the evidence has indicated that the idea of four-field anthropology has a more complex 19th-century history in Europe and North America. [3]
Anthropology is the scientific study of humanity, concerned with human behavior, human biology, cultures, societies, and linguistics, in both the present and past, including archaic humans. [ 1 ] Social anthropology studies patterns of behavior, while cultural anthropology studies cultural meaning, including norms and values. [ 1 ]
Holism in science, holistic science, or methodological holism is an approach to research that emphasizes the study of complex systems. Systems are approached as coherent wholes whose component parts are best understood in context and in relation to both each other and to the whole. Holism typically stands in contrast with reductionism, which ...
Franz Uri Boas[ a ] (July 9, 1858 – December 21, 1942) was a German-American anthropologist and ethnomusicologist. [ 22 ] He was a pioneer of modern anthropology who has been called the "Father of American Anthropology". [ 23 ][ 24 ][ 25 ] His work is associated with the movements known as historical particularism and cultural relativism. [ 26 ]
Bronisław Kasper Malinowski (Polish: [brɔˈɲiswaf maliˈnɔfskʲi]; 7 April 1884 – 16 May 1942) was a Polish-British [a] anthropologist and ethnologist whose writings on ethnography, social theory, and field research have exerted a lasting influence on the discipline of anthropology. [10]
The rubric cultural anthropology is generally applied to ethnographic works that are holistic in approach, are oriented to the ways in which culture affects individual experience, or aim to provide a rounded view of the knowledge, customs, and institutions of a people. Cultural anthropology focuses on how individuals make sense of the world ...
v. t. e. Cultural anthropology is a branch of anthropology focused on the study of cultural variation among humans. It is in contrast to social anthropology, which perceives cultural variation as a subset of a posited anthropological constant. The term sociocultural anthropology includes both cultural and social anthropology traditions.