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  2. Pricing strategies - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pricing_strategies

    Absorption pricing. This pricing method aims to recover all the costs of producing a product. The price of a product includes the variable cost of each item plus a proportionate amount of the fixed costs: Unit Variable Costs + (Overhead + Managing Costs) ÷ Number of units produced = Absorption Price. Fixed or variable costs, direct or indirect ...

  3. Value-based pricing - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Value-based_pricing

    Value-based pricing. Value-based price, also called value-optimized pricing or charging what the market will bear, is a market-driven pricing strategy which sets the price of a good or service according to its perceived or estimated value. [1] The value that a consumer gives to a good or service, can then be defined as their willingness to pay ...

  4. Pricing - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pricing

    Pricing is the process whereby a business sets the price at which it will sell its products and services and may be part of the business's marketing plan. In setting prices, the business will take into account the price at which it could acquire the goods, the manufacturing cost, the marketplace, competition, market condition, brand, and ...

  5. Competition (economics) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Competition_(economics)

    v. t. e. In economics, competition is a scenario where different economic firms [Note 1] are in contention to obtain goods that are limited by varying the elements of the marketing mix: price, product, promotion and place. In classical economic thought, competition causes commercial firms to develop new products, services and technologies ...

  6. Shrinkflation - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shrinkflation

    In economics, shrinkflation, also known as package downsizing, weight-out, [2] and price pack architecture[3] is the process of items shrinking in size or quantity while the prices remain the same. [4][5] The word is a portmanteau of the words shrink and inflation. Skimpflation involves a reformulation or other reduction in quality.

  7. Price discrimination - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Price_discrimination

    In order to offer different prices for different groups of people in the aggregate market, the seller has to group its consumers. Prices must be set prices to match to buyer preferences. [35] Sub-markets must be separated by time, physical distance, nature of use, etc. For example, back-to-school pricing may be lower than in other seasons.

  8. Oligopoly - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oligopoly

    Restrictive market structures. An oligopoly (from Ancient Greek ὀλίγος (olígos) 'few' and πωλέω (pōléō) 'to sell') is a market in which pricing control lies in the hands of a few sellers. [1][2] As a result of their significant market power, firms in oligopolistic markets can influence prices through manipulating the supply ...

  9. Psychological pricing - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Psychological_pricing

    Psychological pricing (also price ending or charm pricing) is a pricing and marketing strategy based on the theory that certain prices have a psychological impact. In this pricing method, retail prices are often expressed as just-below numbers: numbers that are just a little less than a round number, e.g. $19.99 or £2.98. [ 1 ]