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  2. European Union value added tax - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/European_Union_value_added_tax

    EU VAT Tax Rates. The European Union value-added tax (or EU VAT) is a value added tax on goods and services within the European Union (EU). The EU's institutions do not collect the tax, but EU member states are each required to adopt in national legislation a value added tax that complies with the EU VAT code. Different rates of VAT apply in ...

  3. Value-added tax - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Value-added_tax

    The European Union VAT is mandatory for member states of the European Union. The EU VAT asks where supply and consumption occurs, which determines which state collects VAT and at what rate. Each state must comply with EU VAT law, [56] which requires a minimum standard rate of 15% and one or two reduced rates not to be below 5%. Some EU members ...

  4. Value-added tax in the United Kingdom - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Value-added_tax_in_the...

    VAT is an indirect tax because the tax is paid to the government by the seller (the business) rather than the person who ultimately bears the economic burden of the tax (the consumer). [4] Opponents of VAT claim it is a regressive tax because the poorest people spend a higher proportion of their disposable income on VAT than the richest people ...

  5. Indirect tax - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Indirect_tax

    Sales tax and value-added tax (VAT) play the major role in this, with VAT being more commonly used around the world. The distinction between these two taxes is that sales tax is paid by the customer at the moment of purchase of the final good or service, whereas VAT is a multistage tax imposed on goods and services that is collected in parts at ...

  6. Ad valorem tax - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ad_valorem_tax

    Input VAT is recovered by setting it against the output VAT for which the business is required to account to the government, or, if there is an excess, by claiming a repayment from the government. Different rates of VAT apply in different EU member states.

  7. Sales tax - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sales_tax

    Value added tax (VAT), in which tax is charged on all sales, thus avoiding the need for a system of resale certificates. Tax cascading is avoided by applying the tax only to the difference ("value added") between the price paid by the first purchaser and the price paid by each subsequent purchaser of the same item.

  8. Missing trader fraud - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Missing_trader_fraud

    Carousel fraud, explained by the Dutch State. Missing trader fraud (also called missing trader intra-community fraud or MTIC fraud) involves the non-payment of Value Added Tax (VAT) to a government by fraudsters who exploit VAT rules, most commonly the European Union VAT rules which provide that the movement of goods between member states is VAT-free.

  9. Tax harmonization - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tax_harmonization

    The Value-Added Tax (VAT) is part of the acquis communautaire, and two directives (1977 and 2006) closely codify the VAT regime in EU Member states, with a minimum standard rate of 15% and a restricted list of reduced rates.