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  2. Impact bias - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Impact_bias

    Immune Neglect: We have unconscious psychological processes such as ego defense, dissonance reductions, self-serving biases, etc. that will cushion the effects of a negative event. When making predictions, people are generally unaware of these unconscious processes, and fail to take them into account when making affective forecasts.

  3. Human impact on the environment - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Human_impact_on_the...

    The military does not solely have negative effects on the environment. [294] There are several examples of militaries aiding in land management, conservation, and greening of an area. [295] Additionally, certain military technologies have proven extremely helpful for conservationists and environmental scientists. [296]

  4. Negativity bias - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Negativity_bias

    The negativity bias, [1] also known as the negativity effect, is a cognitive bias that, even when positive or neutral things of equal intensity occur, things of a more negative nature (e.g. unpleasant thoughts, emotions, or social interactions; harmful/traumatic events) have a greater effect on one's psychological state and processes than neutral or positive things.

  5. Negative utilitarianism - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Negative_utilitarianism

    Negative utilitarianism is a form of negative consequentialism that can be described as the view that people should minimize the total amount of aggregate suffering, or that they should minimize suffering and then, secondarily, maximize the total amount of happiness.

  6. Framing effect (psychology) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Framing_effect_(psychology)

    The framing effect is a cognitive bias in which people decide between options based on whether the options are presented with positive or negative connotations. [1] Individuals have a tendency to make risk-avoidant choices when options are positively framed, while selecting more loss-avoidant options when presented with a negative frame.

  7. Positive stereotype - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Positive_stereotype

    As opposed to negative stereotypes, positive stereotypes represent a "positive" evaluation of a group that typically signals an advantage over another group. [2] As such, positive stereotypes may be considered a form of compliment or praise. [3] However, positive stereotypes can have a positive or negative effect on targets of positive stereotypes.

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  9. Utilitarianism - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Utilitarianism

    Furthermore, Knutsson notes that one could argue that other forms of consequentialism, such as classical utilitarianism, in some cases have less plausible implications than negative utilitarianism, such as in scenarios where classical utilitarianism implies it would be right to kill everyone and replace them in a manner that creates more ...