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Maya pendant in the Los Angeles County Museum of Art Map showing the locations of some of the main jade, obsidian and serpentine sources in Mesoamerica. The archaeological search for the Mesoamerican jade sources, which were largely lost at the time of the Maya collapse, began in 1799 when Alexander von Humboldt started his geological research in the New World.
The Mask of Pakal is a funerary jade mask found in the tomb of the Mayan king, K’inich Janaab’ Pakal inside the Temple of the Inscriptions at the Maya city of Palenque in Chiapas, Mexico. Considered a master piece of Mesoamerican and Maya art , the mask is made with over 346 green jade stone fragments, the eyes are made with shell, nacre ...
The Tuxtlas Mountains rise sharply in the north, along the Gulf of Mexico's Bay of Campeche. Here the Olmecs constructed permanent city-temple complexes at San Lorenzo Tenochtitlán, La Venta, Tres Zapotes, and Laguna de los Cerros. In this region, the Mesoamerican civilization would emerge and reign from c.1400–400 BCE. [8]
Olmec influences can be seen in cave paintings such as those found in Juxtlahuaca and well as stone tools and jade jewelry from the time period. [5] [6] Eventually, the peoples of the Mexcala River area developed their own distinctive culture, called Mezcala or Mexcala. It is characterized by its own sculpture and ceramics, distinguished by its ...
The presence of a natural spring, often a feature of Mesoamerican sacred sites. The presence of red pigment, likely hematite, which symbolized blood. Its location at the foot of a hill, Cerro Manatí. [6] Many early Mesoamerican sites, including Chalcatzingo, Teopantecuanitlan, and Las Bocas, were situated east or west of a prominent hill. [5]
[4] [5] La Venta is located at the nexus of four different ecosystems: marshes, mangrove swamps, tropical forest, and the Gulf of Mexico. "There was a large resident population at the site, a number of specialists not dedicated to food production, and political, religious, economic, and/or military relations with other sites within its area of ...
Olmec Archaeology and Early Mesoamerica. Cambridge World Archaeology. Cambridge and New York: Cambridge University Press. ISBN 978-0-521-78882-3. OCLC 68965709. Scott, Sue (2000). "Figurines, Terracotta". In Evans, Susan (ed.). Archaeology of Ancient Mexico and Central America. Taylor & Francis. p. 266. ISBN 9780815308874
Obsidian projectile point.. Obsidian is a naturally formed volcanic glass that was an important part of the material culture of Pre-Columbian Mesoamerica.Obsidian was a highly integrated part of daily and ritual life, and its widespread and varied use may be a significant contributor to Mesoamerica's lack of metallurgy.