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The conservation and restoration of photographs is the study of the physical care and treatment of photographic materials. It covers both efforts undertaken by photograph conservators, librarians, archivists, and museum curators who manage photograph collections at a variety of cultural heritage institutions, as well as steps taken to preserve collections of personal and family photographs.
Where the medium itself needs to be preserved, for example if a document is a crayon sketch by a famous artist on paper, a complex process of preservation may be used. Depending on the condition and importance of the item this can include gluing the media onto more stable media, or protective enclosing of the media.
A paper conservator surveying a collection of materials in storage. Storage in a cool, dry, clean, and stable location can extend the life of an item. [51] Manuscripts and paper documents are often stored in protective archival-quality boxes and folders, made of acid-free and lignin-free materials. [52]
With non-paper formats, the availability of equipment to access the information will be a factor (for example, playback equipment for audio-visual materials, or microform readers). An institution should determine how many, if any, other institutions hold the material, and consider coordinating efforts with those that do. [30]
The photographic glass plates are stored vertically on the long side of the plate in storage boxes whose material is free of acid, lignin, polyvinyl chloride (PVC), dye, sulfur, and alum. The acidity of any paper storage used should show a pH between 7 and 8.5. [26] Glass plates should not be packed tightly and should not rub against each other.
The front-edge of the case often contains a clasp for closure. The exterior is covered with heavy paper, fabric, buckram or leather, and its interior may be lined with padded paper or felt, especially if made for a book. All materials should be acid-free for conservation.