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Polyphaga is the largest and most diverse suborder of beetles.It comprises 144 families in 16 superfamilies, and displays an enormous variety of specialization and adaptation, with over 350,000 described species, or approximately 90% of the beetle species discovered thus far.
Fiorinia fioriniae is highly polyphagous, with ScaleNet listing species from 54 plant families and from 119 plant genera as hosts. [2] The most important host plants are species of palms (various ornamental palms as well as coconut palms, date palms and sabal palms), fruit trees like avocado, citrus or mango, and a large number of ornamental ...
Zonocerus variegatus is native to tropical West and Central Africa. It is an important agricultural pest in Ghana, Togo, Ivory Coast, Nigeria, Congo Brazzaville, Southern Benin, and the Sahel region. It is a polyphagous insect, feeding on numerous different plants. [2] [3]
[2] [3] Even the polyphagous species have certain preferences, for example Fiorinia fioriniae is most common on ornamental palm trees and avocado and is regarded as a pest on these. [7] The life cycle of Fiorinia females involves the egg stage, the crawler stage, the second-instar stage and the adult. Males have two additional instars.
Fiorinia phantasma, the phantasma scale, is an invasive and polyphagous scale insect, apparently native to parts of south-eastern Asia and some Pacific islands.It has invaded other parts of the Pacific, Asia, the Indian Ocean, Europe and the Americas, spreading with the trade of ornamental plants.
The insect damages the plant by sucking sap, weakening it. The physical damage includes discoloration and deformation of leaves. Flowers and fruits fail to develop. When the insects feed on the fruits they are discolored and warped, reducing their value on the market. Infestations can kill plants, even established trees. [1]
Bactrocera carambolae are a polyphagous species which infects over 100 different host plants, including avocado, guava, mango, papaya and orange, among several others. [5] [8] The adult female B. carambolae lays her eggs under the skin of host fruits, which take a maximum of two days to hatch. Once the larvae hatch, they immediately begin ...
Euwallacea fornicatus, also known as tea shot-hole borer, or polyphagous shot-hole borer (PSHB) is a species complex consisting of multiple cryptic species of ambrosia beetles known as an invasive species in California, Israel, South Africa, and Australia. The species has also been unintentionally introduced into exotic greenhouses in several ...