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There are at least 19 natural satellites in the Solar System that are known to be massive enough to be close to hydrostatic equilibrium: seven of Saturn, five of Uranus, four of Jupiter, and one each of Earth, Neptune, and Pluto. Alan Stern calls these satellite planets, although the term major moon is more common.
Parts-per-million chart of the relative mass distribution of the Solar System, each cubelet denoting 2 × 10 24 kg. This article includes a list of the most massive known objects of the Solar System and partial lists of smaller objects by observed mean radius.
For example, the recently discovered planet, Gliese 581 c, has at least 5 times the mass of Earth, but is unlikely to have 5 times its surface gravity. If its mass is no more than 5 times that of the Earth, as is expected, [ 6 ] and if it is a rocky planet with a large iron core, it should have a radius approximately 50% larger than that of Earth.
However, if Gliese 581c is an icy and/or watery planet, its radius would be less than 2 times that of Earth, even with a very large outer hydrosphere, according to density models compiled by Diana Valencia and her team for Gliese 876 d. [9] Gravity on the surface of such an icy and/or watery planet would be at least 1.25 times as strong as on ...
The gravity g′ at depth d is given by g′ = g(1 − d/R) where g is acceleration due to gravity on the surface of the Earth, d is depth and R is the radius of the Earth. If the density decreased linearly with increasing radius from a density ρ 0 at the center to ρ 1 at the surface, then ρ ( r ) = ρ 0 − ( ρ 0 − ρ 1 ) r / R , and the ...
The planet orbits a star similar to the Sun, named Kepler-37, orbited by a total of four planets. The star has a mass of 0.80 M ☉ and a radius of 0.79 R ☉. It has a temperature of, 5417 K and is 5.66 billion years old. In comparison, the Sun is 4.6 billion years old, [8] and has a temperature of 5778 K. [9]
A planet that orbits a pulsar or a rapidly rotating neutron star. PSR B1257+12 A, B and C: Rogue planet: Also known as an interstellar planet. A planet that is not bound to any star, stellar remnant or brown dwarf. OGLE-2016-BLG-1928: Superior planets: Planets whose orbits lie outside the orbit of Earth. [nb 1] Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus and ...
A dwarf planet is a small ... where gravity is ... The astronomical community commonly refers to other larger TNOs as dwarf planets as well. [60] At least four ...