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The duodenal bulb (also ampulla of duodenum, duodenal ampulla, or duodenal cap) is the initial, dilated portion of (the superior part of) the duodenum [1] just distal to the stomach; it begins at the pylorus and ends at the neck of the gallbladder. It is normally about 5 centimeters long. [2]
The common duct then opens medially into the descending part of the duodenum at the major duodenal papilla. The common duct usually measures 2-10mm in length. [1] The ampulla of Vater is an important landmark halfway along the second part of the duodenum marking the transition from foregut to midgut. [citation needed]
The major duodenal papilla is situated in the second part of the duodenum, 7–10 cm from the pylorus, at the level of the second or third lumbar vertebrae. It is surrounded by the sphincter of Oddi , a circular muscle, and receives a mixture of pancreatic enzymes and bile from the Ampulla of Vater , which drains both the pancreatic duct and ...
The duodenal bulb is a remnant of the mesoduodenum, a mesentery that suspends the organ from the posterior abdominal wall in fetal life. [10] The first part of the duodenum is mobile, and connected to the liver by the hepatoduodenal ligament of the lesser omentum. The first part of the duodenum ends at the corner, the superior duodenal flexure.
The bile duct is some 6–8 cm long, and normally up to 8 mm in diameter. [4]Its proximal supraduodenal part is situated within the free edge of the lesser omentum.Its middle retroduodenal part is oriented inferiorly and right-ward, and is situated posterior to the first part of the duodenum, and anterior to the inferior vena cava.
Ampulla of uterine tube (ampulla tubae uterinae) Ampulla of vas deferens or ampulla of ductus deferens (ampulla vas deferentis or ampulla ductus deferentis) Cisterna chyli (ampulla chyli), dilated sac at the lower end of the thoracic duct; Duodenal ampulla or duodenal cap (ampulla duodeni), the very first part of the duodenum, which is not ...
Cancerous tumours arising from the CBD, the ampulla, or the portion of the duodenum near the ampulla can result in distal CBD obstruction. When the masses are incapable of being surgically removed, CDD can be performed. In some cases where the growing tumour occludes the new pathway, CDD will only provide palliative relief.
The sphincter regulates the secretion of pancreatic juice and bile into the duodenum. [3] It also prevents reflux of duodenal contents into the ampulla of Vater. [4] By preventing reflux of the contents of the duodenum, the sphincter of Oddi prevents the accumulation of particulate matter and sludge in the bile ducts, reducing the risk of cholangitis.