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With a mass of approximately 1.95 grams (0.069 oz) and a length of 5.5 centimetres (2.2 inches), the bee hummingbird (Mellisuga helenae) is the smallest known dinosaur as well as the smallest bird species, and the smallest warm-blooded vertebrate. Called the zunzuncito in its native habitat on Cuba, it is lighter than a Canadian or U.S. penny.
The smallest known mitochondrial genome is that of Plasmodium falciparum, with a genome size of 6kb containing three protein-coding genes and a few rRNA genes. (On the other hand, the largest known mitochondrial genome is 490kb. [18]) Genomes nearly as small can be found in related apicomplexans as well. [19]
Marine cyanobacteria are to date the smallest known photosynthetic organisms; Prochlorococcus is the smallest at just 0.5 to 0.7 micrometres in diameter. [11] [2] The coccoid shaped cells are non-motile and free-living. Their small size and large surface-area-to-volume ratio, gives them an advantage in
Ostreococcus tauri was discovered in 1994 in the Thau lagoon, France, in a year-long study of the picoplankton population of the lagoon using flow cytometry. O. tauri was found to be the main component of the picoplankton population in the lagoon, and images of cells produced by transmission electron microscopy revealed the smallest yet described free-living eukaryotic cells. [6]
At the time of its sequencing, C. ruddii was thought to have the smallest genome of any characterized bacterial species. [8] Nasuia deltocephalinicola is now considered to have the known smallest bacterial genome (112kb). [9] C. ruddii and related species appear to be actively undergoing gene loss. [10]
Its cells are only 400 nm in diameter, making it the smallest known living organism, and the smallest known archaeon. N. equitans ' genome consists of a single circular chromosome, and has an average GC-content of 31.6%.
“This species represents the smallest known fossil member of the family Felidae to date,” the study says of the newly discovered cat.. The discovery points to a wide diversity of felines ...
Marine cyanobacteria include the smallest known photosynthetic organisms. The smallest of all, Prochlorococcus, is just 0.5 to 0.8 micrometres across. [48] In terms of numbers of individuals, Prochlorococcus is possibly the most plentiful genus on Earth: a single millilitre of surface seawater can contain 100,000 cells of this genus or more.