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SQL includes operators and functions for calculating values on stored values. SQL allows the use of expressions in the select list to project data, as in the following example, which returns a list of books that cost more than 100.00 with an additional sales_tax column containing a sales tax figure calculated at 6% of the price.
SQL was initially developed at IBM by Donald D. Chamberlin and Raymond F. Boyce after learning about the relational model from Edgar F. Codd [12] in the early 1970s. [13] This version, initially called SEQUEL (Structured English Query Language), was designed to manipulate and retrieve data stored in IBM's original quasirelational database management system, System R, which a group at IBM San ...
The aim of the project is to draw up a full directory of missing content from Urdu Wikipedia organised by topic and sub topic as well as to tag existing articles which need major translation from the other language equivalent and begin to work towards creating the articles or improving an existing article. Once the directory is drawn up, the ...
SQL statements are used to perform tasks such as insert data to a database, delete or update data in a database, or retrieve data from a database. Though database systems use SQL, they also have their own additional proprietary extensions that are usually only used on their system.
In SQL, the data manipulation language comprises the SQL-data change statements, [3] which modify stored data but not the schema or database objects. Manipulation of persistent database objects, e.g., tables or stored procedures, via the SQL schema statements, [3] rather than the data stored within them, is considered to be part of a separate data definition language (DDL).
Topic name articles needing translation from Language name Wikipedia Example: for topic name Biography and Urdu we have: Biography articles needing translation from Urdu Wikipedia; create the category, e.g., Category:Biography articles needing translation from Urdu Wikipedia Add the following text, and save the page:
The command-line SQL Plus interface continues in use, mostly [citation needed] for non-interactive scripting or for administrative purposes. The Server Manager Command Line — a replacement of SQL*DBA — is obsolete and SQL Plus 8i and later allows the user to issue statements like STARTUP and SHUTDOWN when connected as SYSDBA.
Most relational databases use the SQL data definition and query language. Open-source software – computer software with its source code made available with a license in which the copyright holder provides the rights to study, change, and distribute the software to anyone and for any purpose.