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Calcium chloride is a highly soluble calcium salt. Hexahydrate calcium chloride (CaCl 2 ·6H 2 O) has solubility in water of 811 g/L at 25 °C. [1] Calcium chloride when taken orally completely dissociates into calcium ions (Ca 2+) in the gastrointestinal tract, resulting in readily bioavailable calcium. The high concentration of calcium ions ...
In chemistry, a salt or ionic compound is a chemical compound consisting of an assembly of positively charged ions and negatively charged ions , [1] which results in a compound with no net electric charge (electrically neutral). The constituent ions are held together by electrostatic forces termed ionic bonds.
The "size" of the charge in an ionic bond depends on the number of electrons transferred. An aluminum atom, for example, with a +3 charge has a relatively large positive charge. That positive charge then exerts an attractive force on the electron cloud of the other ion, which has accepted the electrons from the aluminum (or other) positive ion.
Other examples of ionic chlorides are sodium chloride NaCl, calcium chloride CaCl 2 and ammonium chloride [NH 4]Cl. The chloride is also a neutral chlorine atom covalently bonded by a single bond to the rest of the molecule. For example, methyl chloride CH 3 Cl is an
Ionic bonding leads to separate positive and negative ions. Ionic charges are commonly between −3e to +3e. Ionic bonding commonly occurs in metal salts such as sodium chloride (table salt). A typical feature of ionic bonds is that the species form into ionic crystals, in which no ion is specifically paired with any single other ion in a ...
For example, the precipitation of silver chloride from a mixture of silver nitrate and cobalt hexammine chloride delivers the nitrate salt of the cobalt complex: 3 AgNO 3 + [Co(NH 3) 6]Cl 3 → 3 AgCl + [Co(NH 3) 6](NO 3) 3. The reactants need not be highly soluble for metathesis reactions to take place.
Thus, bonding is considered ionic where the ionic character is greater than the covalent character. The larger the difference in electronegativity between the two types of atoms involved in the bonding, the more ionic (polar) it is. Bonds with partially ionic and partially covalent character are called polar covalent bonds. For example, Na–Cl ...
The metals in ionic bonding usually lose their valence electrons, becoming a positively charged cation. The nonmetal will gain the electrons from the metal, making the nonmetal a negatively charged anion. As outlined, ionic bonds occur between an electron donor, usually a metal, and an electron acceptor, which tends to be a nonmetal. [28]