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India, officially the Republic of India, [j] [20] is a country in South Asia. It is the seventh-largest country by area ; the most populous country as of June 2023; [ 21 ] [ 22 ] and since its independence in 1947, the world's most populous democracy.
India was home to the ancient Indus Valley civilisation, and is the birthplace of four world religions: Hinduism, Sikhism, Buddhism, Jainism. India endured colonisation, eventually being administered by the United Kingdom from the mid-19th century to the mid-20th century.
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During the decade of 2001–2011, India's annual population growth rate has slowed down from 2.15 percent to 1.76 percent. [7] Based on decennial census data, Dadra and Nagar Haveli and Daman and Diu has the fastest growth rate of 55.1 percent, followed by Meghalaya (27.8 percent) and Arunachal Pradesh (25.9 percent).
The Western Chalukya Empire (/ tʃ ə ˈ l uː k j ə / chə-LOO-kyə) ruled most of the western Deccan, South India, between the 10th and 12th centuries.This Kannada-speaking dynasty is sometimes called the Kalyani Chalukya after its regal capital at Kalyani, today's Basavakalyan in the modern Bidar district of Karnataka state, and alternatively the Later Chalukya from its theoretical ...
India's territorial waters extend into the sea to a distance of 12 nautical miles (13.8 mi; 22.2 km) from the coast baseline. [7] India has the 18th largest Exclusive Economic Zone of 2,305,143 km 2 (890,021 sq mi). The northern frontiers of India are defined largely by the Himalayan mountain range, where the country borders China, Bhutan, and ...
India has more than 50% of its population below the age of 25 and more than 65% below the age of 35. In 2020, the average age of an Indian is 29 years, compared to 37 for China and 48 for Japan. By 2030, India's dependency ratio will be just over 0.4. [3] However, the number of children in India peaked more than a decade ago and is now falling ...
Map showing the population density in India, per 2011 Census. [54] India occupies 2.41% of the world's land area but supports over 18% of the world's population. At the 2001 census 72.2% of the population [55] lived in about 638,000 villages [56] and the remaining 27.8% [55] lived in more than 5,100 towns and over 380 urban agglomerations. [57]