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Laws may also bar marriage between closely related people, which are almost universally prohibited to the second degree of consanguinity. [citation needed] Some jurisdictions forbid marriage between first cousins, while others do not. Marriage with aunts and uncles (avunculate marriage) is legal in several countries. [7] [8]
Roman civil law prohibited marriages within four degrees of consanguinity. [3] This was calculated by counting up from one prospective partner to the common ancestor, then down to the other prospective partner. [4] The first prohibited degree of consanguinity was a parent-child relationship while a second degree would be a sibling relationship.
Roman civil law prohibited marriages within four degrees of consanguinity [4] but had no degrees of affinity with regards to marriage. However, the rule was that, if an issue of affinity arose, at whatever consanguineal level a couple was joined was considered the same level as regarded affinity.
Data on cousin marriage in the United States are sparse. It was estimated in 1960 that 0.2% of all marriages between Roman Catholics were between first or second cousins, but no more recent nationwide studies have been performed. [177] It is unknown what proportion of that number were first cousins, which is the group facing marriage bans.
A second-degree relative (SDR) is someone who shares 25% of a person's genes. It includes uncles, aunts, nephews, nieces, grandparents, grandchildren, half-siblings and double-first cousins. [4] [5] [6] Third-degree relatives are a segment of the extended family and includes first cousins, great-grandparents and great-grandchildren. [7]
First and second cousin marriages were then banned at the Council of Agde in AD 506, though dispensations sometimes continued to be granted. By the 11th century, with the adoption of the so-called canon-law method of computing consanguinity, these proscriptions had been extended even to sixth cousins, including by
As aunt/uncle and niece/nephew are separated by one generation, they are an example of a second-degree relationship. Unless related by marriage, they are 25% or more related by blood if the aunt/uncle is a full sibling of one of the parents, or 12.5% if they are a half-sibling .
The following other wikis use this file: Usage on ar.wikipedia.org ويكيبيديا:ورشة الصور/أرشيف 27; Usage on arz.wikipedia.org