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Loch Ness, at the north-east end of the Great Glen Fault, which divides the Highland zone.The thirteenth-century Urquhart Castle can be seen in the foreground.. The geography of Scotland in the Middle Ages covers all aspects of the land that is now Scotland, including physical and human, between the departure of the Romans in the early fifth century from what are now the southern borders of ...
The Gaelic oral tradition also began to manifest itself in written form, with the great compilation of Gaelic poetry, the Book of the Dean of Lismore produced by James and Duncan MacGregor at the beginning of the 16th century, probably designed for use in the courts of the greater chiefs. However, by the 15th century lowland writers were ...
Arable farming grew in the High Middle Ages [96] and agriculture entered a period of relative boom between the thirteenth century and late fifteenth century. [97] Unlike England, Scotland had no towns dating from Roman occupation. From the twelfth century there are records of burghs, chartered towns, which became major centres of crafts and trade.
Price inflation, which generally reflects growing demand for food, suggests that the population was probably still expanding in the first half of the sixteenth century. [18] Almost half the years in the second half of the sixteenth century saw local or national scarcity, necessitating the shipping of large quantities of grain from the Baltic.
Like many continental assemblies the Scottish Parliament was being called less frequently by the early sixteenth century and might have been dispensed with by the crown had it not been for the series of minorities and regencies that dominated from 1513. [162] Parliament played a major part in the Reformation crisis of the mid-sixteenth century.
Canmore listing as Dundee, East (Cowgate) Port, Wishart Arch - Gateway (Period Unassigned), Town Wall (16th Century). "By the end of the (16th) century, however, the town had invested heavily in the upgrading of existing ports and the building of a stone wall to surround the town" [7] Edinburgh town walls (King's Wall, Flodden Wall, Telfer Wall ...
During the 16th century, Scotland underwent a Protestant ... Historian Jonathan Israel argues that by 1750 Scotland's major cities had created an intellectual ...
In the 16th century the more extensive Flodden Wall was erected, following the Scots' defeat at the Battle of Flodden in 1513. This was extended by the Telfer Wall in the early 17th century. The walls had a number of gates, known as ports, the most important being the Netherbow Port, which stood halfway down what is now the Royal Mile.