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The first to write about the anthropological characteristics of Moksha and Erzya was the German encyclopedist, naturalist and traveler in the Russian service Peter Simon Pallas (1773), according to whose observations there were fewer light-blond and red-haired Mokshas than Erzyans, however, the latter also had dark blond hair. [31]
Moksha is the majority language in the western part of Mordovia. Due to differences in phonology, lexicon, and grammar, Erzya and Moksha are not mutually intelligible, to the extent that the Russian language is often used for intergroup communications. The two Mordvinic languages also have separate literary forms.
The Mordvinic languages, [33] alternatively Mordvin languages, [34] or Mordvinian languages (Russian: Мордовские языки, Mordovskiye yazyki, the official Russian term for the language pair), [35] are a subgroup of the Uralic languages, comprising the closely related Erzya language and Moksha language. [36]
Moksha (Russian: Мо́кша, Moksha: Йов) is a river in central Russia, a right tributary of the Oka. It flows through Penza Oblast , Nizhny Novgorod Oblast , Ryazan Oblast and the Republic of Mordovia , and joins the Oka near Pyatnitsky Yar, near the city of Kasimov .
Moksha (мокшень кяль, mokšəń käĺ, pronounced ['mɔkʃənʲ kælʲ]) is a Mordvinic language of the Uralic family, spoken by Mokshas, with around 130,000 native speakers in 2010. Moksha is the majority language in the western part of Mordovia. [5] Its closest relative is the Erzya language, with which it is not mutually intelligible.
The Meshchera (Russian: мещера, meshchera or мещёра, meshchyora) lived in the territory between the Oka River and the Klyazma River. It was a land of forests, bogs and lakes. The area is still called the Meshchera Lowlands. The first Russian written source which mentions them is the Tolkovaya Paleya, from the 13th century. They are ...
The Temnikov Principality or Tümen Principality (Tatar: Төмән ханлыгы, romanized: Tömän xanlığı, [6] Italian: Tartari di Mordua, lit. 'Mordvin Tatars'), also known as or the Bekhanid Principality of Tümen was a Mishar and Moksha [7] principality in Eastern Mishar Yurt (Temnikovsky and Kadomsky Uyezds). [8]
Alternative name: Arabic: كبير, romanized: Kabeer, lit. 'Great' IPA ['ka.biːr] [3] Location: Penza Oblast, Russia: Region: Moxel: Coordinates: 1] [2]: Type: Cultural: Length: 2000: Width: 900: History; Material: stone: Founded: before 7th c AD: Abandoned: 1600s: Periods: Early Middle Ages: Cultures: Saltovo-Mayaki: Satellite of: Khazar Khaganate (since 8th c.): Events: Mongol Takeover in ...