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Myocardial perfusion imaging or scanning (also referred to as MPI or MPS) is a nuclear medicine procedure that illustrates the function of the heart muscle (). [1]It evaluates many heart conditions, such as coronary artery disease (CAD), [2] hypertrophic cardiomyopathy and heart wall motion abnormalities.
The diagnosis is made by the pathognomonic wall motion abnormalities, in which the base of the left ventricle is contracting normally or is hyperkinetic while the remainder of the left ventricle is akinetic or dyskinetic. This is accompanied by the lack of significant coronary artery disease that would explain the wall motion abnormalities.
Finally, images of the heart are taken "at stress" to assess wall motion at the peak heart rate. A stress echo assesses wall motion of the heart; it does not, however, create an image of the coronary arteries directly. Ischemia of one or more coronary arteries could cause a wall motion abnormality, which could indicate coronary artery disease.
Those affected by arrhythmogenic cardiomyopathy may not have any symptoms at all despite having significant abnormalities in the structure of their hearts. [6] If symptoms do occur, the initial presentation is often due to abnormal heart rhythms (arrhythmias) which in arrhythmogenic cardiomyopathy may take the form of palpitations, or blackouts. [7]
Changes in the normal ECG pattern occur in numerous cardiac abnormalities, including: Cardiac rhythm disturbances, such as atrial fibrillation [6] and ventricular tachycardia; [7] Inadequate coronary artery blood flow, such as myocardial ischemia [8] and myocardial infarction; [9] and electrolyte disturbances, such as hypokalemia. [10]
ICD-10 is the 10th revision of the International Classification of Diseases (ICD), a medical classification list by the World Health Organization (WHO). It contains codes for diseases, signs and symptoms, abnormal findings, complaints, social circumstances, and external causes of injury or diseases. [1]
In addition, the abnormal atrio-ventricular valve invariably leaks, so that when the ventricles contract, blood flows not only forwards to the body and the lungs, but also backwards into the atria. The back-pressure effect on the atria causes congestion of blood in the left atrium in particular, and this in turn causes congestion in the veins ...
ICD-9-CM ICD-10-CM Hypokinetic Movement disorders Poliomyelitis, [6] acute 045 A80 Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, ALS [6] (Lou Gehrig's disease) 335.20 G12.21 Parkinson's disease (Primary or Idiopathic Parkinsonism) 332 G20 Secondary Parkinsonism: G21 Parkinson plus syndromes: Pantothenate kinase-associated neurodegeneration: G23.0