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Before World War II, many Galician towns, even in the predominantly ethnic Ukrainian east, had substantial Polish, Jewish and German populations. In 1931, 93% Poles, 5% Jews, 2% others (mainly Ukrainians and Germans) lived in Western Galicia. While 52% Ukrainians, 35% Poles, 10% Jews, 3% others (mainly Germans and Armenians) lived in Eastern ...
38.1 cm /45 Model 1926 naval guns of the Monte de San Pedro in A Coruña, with 35 km range, protected the Galician ports of Ferrol and A Coruña for Nazi Germany. The participation of Galicia in World War II was marked by its location on Spain's Atlantic coast [1] and its mines.
Stater coin, of Alexander the Great (336-323 BC) from Trepcza/ n. Sanok. The region has a turbulent history. In Roman times the region was populated by various tribes of Celto-Germanic admixture, including Celtic-based tribes – like the Galice or "Gaulics" and Bolihinii or "Volhynians" – the Lugians and Cotini of Celtic, Vandals and Goths of Germanic origins (the Przeworsk and Púchov ...
German language islands in the middle of Austrian Galicia (1880). The Galician Germans (German: Galiziendeutsche) were an ethnic German population living in the Kingdom of Galicia and Lodomeria in the Austrian Empire, established in 1772 as a result of the First Partition of Poland, and after World War I in the four voivodeships of interwar Poland: Kraków, Lwów, Tarnopol, and Stanisławów.
Eastern Galicia was the most diverse part of the region, and one of the most diverse areas in Europe at the time. The Galician Jews immigrated in the Middle Ages from Germany. German-speaking people were more commonly referred to by the region of Germany where they originated (such as Saxony or Swabia ).
The 14th Waffen Grenadier Division of the SS (1st Galician) (German: 14. Waffen-Grenadier-Division der SS (galizische Nr. 1); Ukrainian: 14-та гренадерська дивізія СС «Галичина», romanized: 14-ta hrenaderska dyviziya SS "Halychyna"), commonly referred to as the Galicia Division, was a World War II infantry division of the Waffen-SS, the military wing of the ...
A week after the start of World War II, on 8 September 1939, Lavrentiy Beria issued an order, according to which Narkom of NKVD in Ukrainian SSR Ivan Serov had to organize the NKVD operational groups (opergroups). [10] They were tasked among other functions with the clearing of "liberated" regions from the "anti-Soviet elements".
A similar order was issued by the UPA commander in Eastern Galicia, Vasyl Sydor ("Shelest"). [24] This order was often disobeyed and entire villages were slaughtered. [25] In Eastern Galicia between 1943 and 1946, OUN-B and UPA killed 20,000–25,000 Poles. [26] 1,000–2,000 Ukrainians were killed by the Polish underground. [27]