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The regular feed conversion ratio, i.e. output fish mass divided by total feed mass. The conversion ratio only taking into account the fish-based component of fish feed, called the FIFO ratio (or Fish In – Fish Out ratio). FIFO is fish in (the mass of harvested fish used to feed farmed fish) divided by fish out (mass of the resulting farmed ...
The Stoß is a unit of cattle stock density used in the Alps. For each Alm or Alp it is worked out how many Stoß (Swiss: Stössen ) can be grazed (bestoßen) ; one cow equals one Stoß , 3 bulls equal 2 Stöße , a calf is 1 ⁄ 4 Stoß , a horse of 1, 2 or 3 years old is worth 1, 2 or 3 Stöße , a pig equals 1 ⁄ 4 , a goat or a sheep is 1 ...
Other than the few bulls needed for breeding, the vast majority of male cattle are castrated as calves and are used as oxen or slaughtered for meat before the age of three years. Thus, in a pastured herd, any calves or herd bulls usually are clearly distinguishable from the cows due to distinctively different sizes and clear anatomical differences.
In animal husbandry, a concentrated animal feeding operation (CAFO), as defined by the United States Department of Agriculture (USDA), is an intensive animal feeding operation (AFO) in which over 1,000 animal units are confined for over 45 days a year. An animal unit is the equivalent of 1,000 pounds of "live" animal weight. [1]
A cannula in a cow's side. A cannulated cow or fistulated cow refers to a cow that has been surgically fitted with a cannula. [1] A cannula acts as a porthole-like device that allows access to the rumen of a cow, to perform research and analysis of the digestive system and to allow veterinarians to transplant rumen contents from one cow to another.
Meat and bone meal. Meat and bone meal (MBM) is a product of the rendering industry. It is typically about 48–52% protein, 33–35% ash, 8–12% fat, and 4–7% water.It is primarily used in the formulation of animal feed to improve the amino acid profile of the feed.
It was inspired by Koch's observations of the differences in how a maintained body weight and an increasing body weight affect the feeding of cattle. His research suggested that feed intake could be broken into two parts: The expected feed intake for the animal's level of production. The residual portion between the amount of feed the animal is ...
Dry Sheep Equivalent (DSE) is a standard unit frequently used in Australia to compare the feed requirements of different classes of stock or to assess the carrying capacity and potential productivity of a given farm or area of grazing land.