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Roughness progression for a road in Texas, US. Blue dots show the times of maintenance. The international roughness index (IRI) is the roughness index most commonly obtained from measured longitudinal road profiles. It is calculated using a quarter-car vehicle math model, whose response is accumulated to yield a roughness index with units of ...
Pavement performance models could be developed to predict a single distress such as a crack or the aggregate pavement condition index. Schematic deterioration of the condition of a road over time The increase in the IRI of a road in Texas. The blue dots on the curve represent maintenance actions.
The pavement condition index (PCI) is a numerical index between 0 and 100, which is used to indicate the general condition of a pavement section.The PCI is widely used in transportation civil engineering [1] and asset management, and many municipalities use it to measure the performance of their road infrastructure and their levels of service. [2]
The present serviceability index (PSI) is a pavement performance measure.Introduced by the American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials (AASHTO), the PSI is one of the most widely used pavement performance indicators after pavement condition index (PCI) and international roughness index (IRI).
This provides a method to calculate the roughness length by measuring the friction velocity and the mean wind velocity (at known elevation) in a given, relatively flat location (under neutral conditions) using an anemometer. [4] Of note is that, in this simplified form, the log wind profile is identical in form to the dimensional law of the wall.
The topographic wetness index (TWI), also known as the compound topographic index (CTI), is a steady state wetness index. It is commonly used to quantify topographic control on hydrological processes. [1] The index is a function of both the slope and the upstream contributing area per unit width orthogonal to the flow direction.
hardness, Rockwell, A scale: See Rockwell scale. HRB: hardness, Rockwell, B scale: See Rockwell scale. HRC: hardness, Rockwell, C scale: See Rockwell scale. HRS: hot rolled steel: HT TR: heat treat, heat treatment: H&T or H/T or HT: hardened and tempered: A form of heat treatment in which the metal is first hardened and then tempered. Compare N&T.
Removing the copy/past violation flag. Looking at the comparison at , the identified sections are either technical phrases or names of organizations, such as "National Cooperative Highway Research Program," or cover definitions and other material that has been present in the article since as early as 2010 (five years prior to the publication of the thesis).