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Harold Garfinkel (October 29, 1917 – April 21, 2011) [2] was an American sociologist and ethnomethodologist, who taught at the University of California, Los Angeles.Having developed and established ethnomethodology as a field of inquiry in sociology, he is probably best known for Studies in Ethnomethodology (1967), a collection of articles.
In the fields of sociology and social psychology, a breaching experiment is an experiment that seeks to examine people's reactions to violations of commonly accepted social rules or norms. Breaching experiments are most commonly associated with ethnomethodology , and in particular the work of Harold Garfinkel .
It has influenced contemporary research methodologies. Thomas Kuhn is credited with having popularized and at least in part originated the post-empiricist philosophy of science. [ 6 ] Kuhn's idea of paradigm shifts offers a broader critique of logical positivism, arguing that it is not simply individual theories but whole worldviews that must ...
The strong programme or strong sociology is a variety of the sociology of scientific knowledge (SSK) particularly associated with David Bloor, [1] Barry Barnes, Harry Collins, Donald A. MacKenzie, [2] and John Henry. The strong programme's influence on science and technology studies is credited as being unparalleled (Latour 1999).
Sir John Frederick William Herschel, 1st Baronet KH FRS (/ ˈ h ɜːr ʃ əl, ˈ h ɛər-/; [2] 7 March 1792 – 11 May 1871) [1] was an English polymath active as a mathematician, astronomer, chemist, inventor and experimental photographer who invented the blueprint [3] [4] [5] and did botanical work.
Experiments were also designed to determine if the partner effect on subject conformity was due to the partner's dissent from the majority or their accuracy in answering questions. [3] [4] In one experiment, Asch identified two classes of dissenter: "extremist" (under this condition, dissenters always chose the worst of the comparison lines and ...
Sociology as a scholarly discipline emerged, primarily out of Enlightenment thought, as a positivist science of society shortly after the French Revolution.Its genesis owed to various key movements in the philosophy of science and the philosophy of knowledge, arising in reaction to such issues as modernity, capitalism, urbanization, rationalization, secularization, colonization and imperialism.
The sociology of the history of science—related to sociology and philosophy of science, as well as the entire field of science studies—has in the 20th century been occupied with the question of large-scale patterns and trends in the development of science, and asking questions about how science "works" both in a philosophical and practical sense.