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A column or pillar in architecture and structural engineering is a ... with a capital and a base or pedestal, [1] ... Rococo detail of a column from St. Peter's ...
The column proper, that is the shaft without the pedestal, the statue and its base, is 29.76 metres (97.64 feet) high, a number which almost corresponds to 100 Roman feet; beginning slightly above the bottom of the base, the helical staircase inside measures a mere 8 cm (3 in) less. [28]
A pedestal (from French piédestal, from Italian piedistallo ' foot of a stall ') or plinth is a support at the bottom of a statue, vase, column, or certain altars. Smaller pedestals, especially if round in shape, may be called socles. In civil engineering, it is also called basement.
Above the pedestal's cornice was a plinth of two steps, decorated with eagles at its corners holding garlands with putti above and reclining river gods below. [12] Above this was a torus carved as an oak wreath bound by a floral filet depicting theatrical masks and mythological hunt scenes involving lions, griffons, and birds. [13] This was the ...
In their original Greek version, Doric columns stood directly on the flat pavement (the stylobate) of a temple without a base. With a height only four to eight times their diameter, the columns were the most squat of all the classical orders; their vertical shafts were fluted with 20 parallel concave grooves, each rising to a sharp edge called an arris.
An Islamic architectural term for the tribune raised upon columns, from which the Koran is recited and the prayers intoned by the Imam of the mosque. [28] Temples which have a double range of columns in the peristyle, as in the temple of Diana at Ephesus. [29] Distyle in antis Having two columns. A portico having two columns between two anta [30]