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The orchid family is one of the most important plant families in respect to the ornamental flower industry. In 2005, the potted orchid industry brought in about $144 million in the United States. This makes them the second most valuable potted plant in the nation. From 1996 to 2006 there has been a 206.4% increase in potted orchid prices.
Black rot on orchids is caused by Pythium and Phytophthora species. [1] Black rot targets a variety of orchids but Cattleya orchids are especially susceptible. [1] Pythium ultimum and Phytophthora cactorum are known to cause black rot in orchids. [1] Pythium ultimum is a pathogen that causes damping-off and root rot on plants. [2]
Since there are multiple species of Phytophthora that are capable of causing disease on orchids, classification only to the genus level is required for proper prescription of disease management techniques. [6] Crown rot or root rot of strawberries is a common example of diseases of fruit crops caused by P. cactorum.
These orchids grow flower spikes, leaves, and aerial roots from a single growth point on that stem. Phalaenopsis, or moth orchids , fall into this category, as do vanda orchids.
Stethopachys formosa, the orchid beetle or dendrobium beetle, is an Australian insect found in northern New South Wales, Northern Territory and Queensland. [2] They cannot survive in colder climates, and they do not appear in Southern states. [3] This insect feeds on the flowers and leaves of orchids, often causing damage to cultivated plants. [4]
On pistachio, Brevipalpus damage appears as scabby blotches on the leaf petioles, stems, and nuts. Furthermore, several of these mites are vectors for a variety of serious plant viruses. [3] Familiar species include: Brevipalpus californicus, a mite known as a vector for the orchid fleck virus, which causes spots and rings on orchid leaves. [3]
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Plant diseases are diseases in plants caused by pathogens (infectious organisms) and environmental conditions (physiological factors). [1] Organisms that cause infectious disease include fungi , oomycetes , bacteria , viruses , viroids , virus -like organisms, phytoplasmas , protozoa , nematodes and parasitic plants . [ 2 ]