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Such weapons were designed to fire at both capital ship targets and smaller targets, such as torpedo craft and destroyers. Small targets were of course vulnerable to 6-inch projectiles, and a high rate of fire was necessary to be able to hit a small and evasive target. In this era, secondary weapons were also expected to engage capital ships.
The Mark 46 is a medium-range ASW weapon possessing passive and active sonar, advanced computerized guidance which allows it to avoid false targets and acoustic countermeasures, and a variety of search settings. The earlier generations of the torpedo had a minimal depth setting of 50 ft (15 m) to prevent targeting friendly surface vessels.
The torpedo was based on a newly developed British 46-knot (85 km/h) 21-inch (53 cm) Whitehead torpedo. This weapon used a new double-action two-cylinder engine rather than the four-cylinder radial engine used by World War I-era British torpedoes. It was significantly faster (8–10 knots (15–19 km/h)), although it had a much shorter range ...
Another new type which threatened to usurp the torpedo cruiser's role was the "torpedo-boat destroyer", soon simply known as the destroyer. The concept was influenced by the Spanish torpedo cruiser Destructor launched in 1886, but the subsequent British type pioneered in 1892 was smaller and faster, and was quickly adopted by all the great ...
French and German inventions followed closely, and the term torpedo came to describe self-propelled projectiles that traveled under or on water. By 1900, the term no longer included mines and booby-traps as the navies of the world added submarines, torpedo boats and torpedo boat destroyers to their fleets. [14] [15]
The Type 93 was launched from 61 cm (24 in) torpedo tubes mounted on the decks of IJN destroyers and cruisers; some Japanese destroyers, unlike ships of other navies, mounted their banks of torpedo tubes in turrets offering protection against splinters, and had tube loaders. The IJN armed nearly all of its cruisers with Type 93 torpedoes.
These twenty-three 'turtle-back' destroyers, all authorised under the Ten Year Naval Expansion Programme of 1898, comprised six Ikazuchi class built by Yarrow [4] and six Murakumo class built by Thornycroft [5] in the UK, each carrying 1 × 12-pdr (aft) and 5 x 6-pdr guns and 2 × 18 in torpedo tubes, and followed by two larger ships from each of the same builders (the Shirakumo class from ...
The Mark 46 was initially developed as Research Torpedo Concept I (RETORC I), one of several weapons recommended for implementation by Project Nobska, a 1956 summer study on submarine warfare. [ 3 ] A Mark 46 Mod 5A torpedo is inspected aboard the guided missile destroyer USS Mustin .