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The white-tailed kite and the black-shouldered kite were formerly included with this species but have since been treated as separate species. [ 20 ] [ 21 ] Although found mainly on the plains they have been seen at higher altitudes in Sikkim (3,650 m (11,980 ft)), [ 22 ] the Nilgiris (Doddabetta, 2,670 m (8,760 ft)) [ 23 ] and Nagaland (2,020 m ...
The black-shouldered kite (Elanus axillaris), also known as the Australian black-shouldered kite, is a small raptor found in open habitats throughout Australia. It resembles similar species found in Africa, Eurasia and North America, including the black-winged kite, a species that has in the past also been called "black-shouldered kite".
It was introduced by the French zoologist Jules-César Savigny in 1809 with the black-winged kite (Elanus caeruleus) as the type species. [2] [3] The name is from the Ancient Greek elanos for a "kite". [4] These are white and grey raptors of open country, with black wing markings and a short square tail.
Earlier, the terms "kite" in English or "iktinos" in Greek referred only to the red or black (milvine) kites. French ornithologists used the term "milan" for both the milvine and elanine kites. Around the same time, in 1823, Louis-Pierre Vieillot had placed the group (in five species) together into his own genus Elanoïdes , rather than Savigny ...
[8] [9] The body is a contrasting deep black and white. The flight feathers, tail, feet, bill are all black. Another characteristic is the elongated, forked tail at 27.5–37 cm (10.8–14.6 in) long, hence the name swallow-tailed. The wings are also relatively elongated, as the wing chord measures 39–45 cm (15–18 in).
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While it has white faces and white underparts, it has black wingtips, beaks, and shoulders. Contrastingly, the white-tailed kite has deep red eyes that stand out at night. [ 6 ] A mid-sized kite, it measures 35–43 cm (14–17 in) in length, spans 88–102 cm (35–40 in) across the wings and weighs 250–380 g (8.8–13.4 oz).
The black kite was described by the French polymath Georges-Louis Leclerc, Comte de Buffon in his Histoire Naturelle des Oiseaux in 1770. [3] The bird was also illustrated in a hand-coloured plate engraved by François-Nicolas Martinet in the Planches Enluminées D'Histoire Naturelle which was produced under the supervision of Edme-Louis Daubenton to accompany Buffon's text. [4]