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The Salsa20 family of ciphers use the ASCII string "expand 32-byte k" or "expand 16-byte k" as ... a NIST-recommended cryptographic pseudo-random bit generator, ...
A random 32×32 binary matrix is formed, each row a 32-bit random integer. The rank is determined. That rank can be from 0 to 32, ranks less than 29 are rare, and their counts are pooled with those for rank 29. Ranks are found for 40000 such random matrices and a chi square test is performed on counts for ranks 32, 31, 30 and ≤ 29.
/dev/random and /dev/urandom are also available on Solaris, [31] NetBSD, [32] Tru64 UNIX 5.1B, [33] AIX 5.2 [34] and HP-UX 11i v2. [35] As with FreeBSD, AIX implements its own Yarrow-based design, however AIX uses considerably fewer entropy sources than the standard /dev/random implementation and stops refilling the pool when it thinks it ...
In the asymptotic setting, a family of deterministic polynomial time computable functions : {,} {,} for some polynomial p, is a pseudorandom number generator (PRNG, or PRG in some references), if it stretches the length of its input (() > for any k), and if its output is computationally indistinguishable from true randomness, i.e. for any probabilistic polynomial time algorithm A, which ...
In cryptography, a keystream is a stream of random or pseudorandom characters that are combined with a plaintext message to produce an encrypted message (the ciphertext).. The "characters" in the keystream can be bits, bytes, numbers or actual characters like A-Z depending on the usage case.
Mask generation functions are deterministic; the octet string output is completely determined by the input octet string. The output of a mask generation function should be pseudorandom, that is, if the seed to the function is unknown, it should be infeasible to distinguish the output from a truly random string. [1]
The strength of random passwords depends on the actual entropy of the underlying number generator; however, these are often not truly random, but pseudorandom. Many publicly available password generators use random number generators found in programming libraries that offer limited entropy.
32 or 64 bits add,shift,xor MurmurHash: 32, 64, or 128 bits product/rotation Fast-Hash [3] 32 or 64 bits xorshift operations SpookyHash 32, 64, or 128 bits see Jenkins hash function: CityHash [4] 32, 64, 128, or 256 bits FarmHash [5] 32, 64 or 128 bits MetroHash [6] 64 or 128 bits numeric hash (nhash) [7] variable division/modulo xxHash [8] 32 ...