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The humerus (/ ˈ h juː m ər ə s /; pl. ... The medial border is thicker, of greater length, and consequently more prominent, than the lateral.
The intermembral index is a ratio used to compare limb proportions, expressed as a percentage. [1] It is equal to the length of forelimbs (humerus plus radius) divided by the length of the hind limbs (femur plus tibia) multiplied by 100, [2] otherwise written mathematically as:
The anatomical neck of the humerus is obliquely directed, forming an obtuse angle with the body of the humerus. It represents the fused epiphyseal plate. It represents the fused epiphyseal plate. [ 1 ]
The humerus is one of the three long bones of the arm. It joins with the scapula at the shoulder joint and with the other long bones of the arm, the ulna and radius at the elbow joint. [6] The elbow is a complex hinge joint between the end of the humerus and the ends of the radius and ulna. [7]
Bone growth in length is stimulated by the production of growth hormone (GH), a secretion of the anterior lobe of the pituitary gland. The long bone category includes the femora, tibiae, and fibulae of the legs; the humeri , radii , and ulnae of the arms; metacarpals and metatarsals of the hands and feet, the phalanges of the fingers and toes ...
For example, human body height is to be the length of eight heads, with an additional one-quarter head for neck length. Leg length is to be four head lengths. [1] Forensic estimation of stature is part of the identification process necessary when dismembered body parts are found. It is also possible to estimate the stature from bones. [2]
The humerus, as preserved, measures 204 centimeters (80 + 1 ⁄ 2 in) in length, though part of its lower end was lost to erosion; its original length is estimated at 216 centimeters (85 in). This bone was more slender in Brachiosaurus than in most other sauropods, measuring only 28.5 centimeters ( 11 + 1 ⁄ 4 in) in width at its narrowest part.
The humerus is short, at approximately 46% of length of the femur. The pedal phalanx II-2 is transversely narrow, contrasting with the extremely robust phalanx IV-2. [Note 1] [Note 2] [Note 3] [Note 4]