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Impingement of the shoulder was previously thought to be precipitated by shoulder abduction and surgical intervention focused on lateral or total acromionectomy. [4] [25] In 1972, Charles Neer proposed that impingement was due to the anterior third of the acromion and the coracoacromial ligament and suggested surgery should be focused on these ...
Nerve compression syndrome, or compression neuropathy, or nerve entrapment syndrome, is a medical condition caused by chronic, direct pressure on a peripheral nerve. [1] It is known colloquially as a trapped nerve , though this may also refer to nerve root compression (by a herniated disc , for example).
Axillary nerve palsy is a neurological condition in which the axillary (also called circumflex) nerve has been damaged by shoulder dislocation. It can cause weak deltoid and sensory loss below the shoulder. [1] Since this is a problem with just one nerve, it is a type of Peripheral neuropathy called mononeuropathy. [2]
Irritation or entrapment of the lower subscapular nerve, which innervates the subscapularis and teres major muscles, will produce muscle guarding at the shoulder that will restrict motion into external rotation, abduction, or flexion. The aforementioned tests will assist in diagnosing bursitis over other conditions.
Nerve entrapment is caused primarily by two physical forces on soft tissue: compression and tension. [4] Compression will squeeze the nerve and impair its local microcirculatory environment which commonly happens in anatomic tunnels. Tension is a pulling force, often caused by scarring which impedes nerve mobility during limb movements.
The shoulder abduction relief test, also called Bakody's test, is a medical maneuver used to evaluate for cervical radiculopathy. [1] Specifically, this test is used to evaluate for nerve root compression at C5-C7. It is often used when a patient presents with neck pain that radiates down the ipsilateral upper extremity. [2]
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There are many ways to acquire radial nerve neuropathy, including: [6] Upper arm - a fracture of the bone; Elbow - entrapment of the nerve; Wrist - elbow deformity and soft-tissue masses; Axilla - here the most common cause is compression. However, a dislocation of the humerus is a possible factor as well. It could also be due to brachial ...