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The Egyptian name psmṯk, pronounced as Psamāṯăk, [5] was a short form of pꜣ-sꜣ-n-mṯk, meaning "the man of Meṯek", with Meṯek presumably a deity. [6]His name was rendered by the Assyrians as Pishamilki (Neo-Assyrian Akkadian: 𒁹𒉿𒃻𒈨𒅋𒆠, romanized: Pišamilki [7]), by the Ancient Greeks as Psammētikhos (Ψαμμήτιχος), and by the Romans as Psammētichus.
Psamtikseneb (Egyptian: Psmṯk-snb, meaning “(King) Psamtik is healthy” [2]) was an ancient Egyptian high official during the 26th Dynasty (664–525 BC), perhaps under king Psamtik II. Biography
Following the Neo-Assyrian conquest of Egypt during the reigns of Taharqa and Tantamani, and the subsequent collapse of the Napata-based Twenty-fifth Dynasty of Egypt, Psamtik I was recognized as sole king over all of Egypt. Psamtik formed alliances with King Gyges of Lydia, who sent him mercenaries from Caria and ancient Greece that Psamtik ...
Psamtik's daughter and the daughters of all the Egyptian noblemen were enslaved. Psamtik's son and two thousand other sons of noblemen were sentenced to death, in retaliation for the murder of the Persian ambassador and the two hundred crew of his boat. An "old man who had once been the king's friend" was reduced to beggary. [3]
Psamtik II (Ancient Egyptian: Nfr-jb-Rꜥ Psmṯk, pronounced Psamāṯăk [1]), known by the Graeco-Romans as Psammetichus or Psammeticus, was a king of the Saite-based Twenty-sixth Dynasty of Egypt (595 BC – 589 BC).
The Twenty-Sixth Dynasty, also known as the Saite Dynasty after its seat of power the city of Sais, reigned from 672 to 525 BC, and consisted of six pharaohs.It started with the unification of Egypt under Psamtik I c. 656 BC, itself a direct consequence of the Sack of Thebes by the Assyrians in 663 BC.
Finally, Diodorus Siculus mentions a Psammetichus (VI) as a king of Egypt in 400 BCE, saying that he was a “descendant of the famous Psammetichus”. However, the name of this Psammetichus VI is sometimes considered a mistake for Amyrtaeus , the pharaoh of the 28th Dynasty who ruled from 404 to 399 BCE.
The family tree of the 26th Dynasty is just as complex and unclear as earlier dynasties. This dynasty possibly traced its origins to the Saite 24th Dynasty, and scholars now start the dynasty with the reign of Psamtik I, sometimes referrings to the previous rulers – Ammeris to Necho I – as "proto-Saites".