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The cricoid cartilage is the only laryngeal cartilage to form a complete circle around the airway. It is smaller yet thicker and tougher than the thyroid cartilage above. [1] It articulates superiorly [citation needed] with the thyroid cartilage, and the paired arytenoid cartilage. Inferiorly, the trachea attaches onto it. [1]
The thyroid cartilage forms the bulk of the front wall of the larynx. It protects the vocal folds ("vocal cords"), which are located directly behind it. When the angle of the thyroid cartilage changes relative to the cricoid cartilage, this changes the pitch of voice. The cartilage also serves as an attachment for several muscles.
The cricothyroid ligament is named after the two structures it connects: the cricoid cartilage and the thyroid cartilage. It is also known as the cricothyroid membrane, and the cricovocal membrane. [3] The various parts of the cricothyroid ligament have been named in many different ways, which can cause confusion.
The cricothyroid joint (or articulation) is a joint connecting the cricoid cartilage and the thyroid cartilage.It plays a key role in adjusting human voice pitch by changing the tension of the vocal cords.
[3] [5] They draw up the arch of the cricoid cartilage and tilt back the upper border of the cricoid cartilage lamina. [3] [5] The distance between the vocal processes and the angle of the thyroid is increased, elongating [3] and thus tensing the vocal folds, [1] thereby resulting in higher pitch phonation. [3]
The thyroid gland surrounds the cricoid and tracheal cartilages and consists of two lobes. This image shows a variant thyroid with a pyramidal lobe emerging from the middle of the thyroid. The thyroid gland is a butterfly-shaped organ composed of two lobes, left and right, connected by a narrow tissue band, called an "isthmus". [4]
The procedure was first described in 1805 by Félix Vicq-d'Azyr, a French surgeon and anatomist. [3] A cricothyrotomy is generally performed by making a vertical incision on the skin of the throat just below the laryngeal prominence (Adam's apple), then making a horizontal incision in the cricothyroid membrane which lies deep to this point.
On the thyroid cartilage, it arises from the oblique line on the side of the lamina, from the surface behind this nearly as far as the posterior border and from the inferior horn of the thyroid cartilage. From the cricoid cartilage, it arises in the interval between the cricothyroid muscle in front, and the articular facet for the inferior horn ...