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In the early 16th century, Protestant reformers began to discourage Marian art, and some, like John Calvin and Zwingli, even encouraged its destruction.But after the Council of Trent in the mid-16th century confirmed the veneration of Marian paintings by Catholics, Mary was often painted as a Madonna with crown, surrounded by stars, standing on top of the world or the partly visible Moon.
A simple Italian Virgin and Child by Carlo Crivelli, c. 1470. Virgin and Child or Madonna and Child or Mary and Child usually refers to artistic depictions of Mary and Child Jesus together, as part of both Catholic and Orthodox church traditions, and very notably in the Marian art in the Catholic Church.
The Virgin of Mercy is a subject in Christian art, showing a group of people sheltering for protection under the outspread cloak, or pallium, of the Virgin Mary.It was especially popular in Italy from the 13th to 16th centuries, often as a specialised form of votive portrait; it is also found in other countries and later art, especially Spain and Latin America.
Christian art includes a great many representations of the Virgin Mary and the Christ Child. Such works are generally referred to as the " Madonna and Child " or "Virgin and Child". They are not usually representations of the Nativity specifically, but are often devotional objects representing a particular aspect or attribute of the Virgin Mary ...
In Christian art, a Madonna (Italian:) is a religious depiction of the Blessed Virgin Mary in a singular form or sometimes accompanied by the Child Jesus. These images are central icons for both the Roman Catholic and Orthodox churches. [1] The word is from Italian ma donna 'my lady' (archaic).
The alternative Catholic scene from the end of the Virgin Mary's early life is the Death of the Virgin, which was more compatible with the Dormition of the Theotokos in Eastern Orthodox art and theology. Most treatments showed her lying in bed, surrounded by the Twelve Apostles, again reflecting the Golden Legend. [14]
The Virgin appearing to St. Bernard; Virgin in Glory with Saints; The Virgin in Prayer; Virgin Mary (El Greco, Madrid) Virgin Mary (El Greco, Strasbourg) The Virgin Mary and Saint Francis Saving the World from Christ's Anger; The Virgin Mary as a Child Praying; The Virgin of Charity (El Greco) Virgin of Mercy (Filippo Lippi) Virgin of Mercy ...
While over time a Protestant tradition of art developed, the depictions of the Virgin Mary within it have remained minimal, given that most Protestants reject Marian veneration and view it as a Catholic excess. [87] [88] [89] The use of Marian Sacramentals such as the Brown Scapular is a distinguishing feature of Catholic art.