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Defines India as a Federation of States: Defines India as a Union of States Princely states could choose to join or stay out of the federation via the Instrument of Accession: States have no right to secede. The Instrument of Accession only applies for the state of J&K via Article 370 (till 5 August 2019 as it was nullified by Union Government).
The Government of India (ISO: Bhārata Sarakāra, legally the Union Government or Union of India [2] and colloquially known as the Central Government) is the national authority of the Republic of India, located in South Asia, consisting of 36 states and union territories.
The states of India are self-governing administrative divisions, each having a state government. The governing powers of the states are shared between the state government and the union government. On the other hand, the union territories are directly governed by the union government. [a]
Part I—The Union and Its territories is a compilation of laws pertaining to the constitution of India as a country and the union of states that it is made of. This part of the Indian constitution contains the law in establishment, renaming, merging or altering the borders of the states or union territories.
The Government of India is modelled after the Westminster system. [9] The Union government (also called as the Central government) is mainly composed of the executive, the legislature, and the judiciary, and powers are vested by the constitution in the prime minister, parliament, and the supreme court, respectively.
The Sarkaria Commission was set up to review the balance of power between states' and the Union governments. The Union government can dissolve a state government in favour of President's rule if necessary, subject to certain conditions, as ruled by the Supreme Court of India in S. R. Bommai v. Union of India. It is for 5 years only.
India is a federal union comprising 28 states and 8 union territories. [12] All states, as well as the union territories of Jammu and Kashmir, Puducherry and the National Capital Territory of Delhi, have elected legislatures and governments following the Westminster system of governance. The remaining five union territories are directly ruled ...
The Union List is the counterpart to the State List, containing the areas of exclusive jurisdiction of the Union government, where the states are prohibited from legislating. [97] Items on the Union List include the national defense, international relations, immigration, banking, and interstate commerce.