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Deportation of the Israelites after the destruction of Israel and the subjugation of Judah by the Neo-Assyrian Empire, 8th–7th century BCE. The Assyrian captivity, also called the Assyrian exile, is the period in the history of ancient Israel and Judah during which tens of thousands of Israelites from the Kingdom of Israel were dispossessed and forcibly relocated by the Neo-Assyrian Empire.
[citation needed] Because Esarhaddon had marched his army at great speed, the Assyrians were exhausted once they arrived outside the Egyptian-controlled city of Ashkelon, where Taharqa's forces defeated them. [citation needed] Following this defeat, Esarhaddon abandoned his plan to conquer Egypt for the moment and withdrew back to Nineveh. [9]
A giant lamassu from the royal palace of the Neo-Assyrian king Sargon II (r. 722–705 BC) at Dur-Sharrukin The history of the Assyrians encompasses nearly five millennia, covering the history of the ancient Mesopotamian civilization of Assyria, including its territory, culture and people, as well as the later history of the Assyrian people after the fall of the Neo-Assyrian Empire in 609 BC.
In the first half of the seventh century, the Neo-Assyrian Empire was at the height of its power, controlling the entire Fertile Crescent, and allied with Egypt.However, when Assyrian king Assurbanipal died of natural causes in 631 BC, [4] his son and successor Ashur-etil-ilani was met with opposition and unrest, a common occurrence in Assyrian history. [5]
The Assyrian siege of Jerusalem (c. 701 BC) was an aborted siege of Jerusalem, then capital of the Kingdom of Judah, carried out by Sennacherib, king of the Neo-Assyrian Empire. The siege concluded Sennacharib's campaign in the Levant , in which he attacked the fortified cities and devastated the countryside of Judah in a campaign of subjugation.
Assyrian conquest of Elam; Part of Wars of Neo-Assyria: Ashurbanipal's campaign against Elam is triumphantly recorded in this relief showing the destruction of the city of Hamanu. Here, flames rise from the city as Assyrian soldiers topple it with pickaxes and crowbars and carry off the spoils. 645-635 BCE. British Museum BM 124919. [1]
In 796 BCE he conquered Aram-Damascus, an event which it never truly recovered from. [citation needed] Shalmaneser IV(783–773 BCE), Ashur-dan III (772-755 BCE) and Ashur-nirari V (754-745 BCE) maintained Assyrian possessions, but were unable to expand much further due to power struggles with their own nobles and generals. [citation needed]
He consolidated Assyrian control over the regions conquered by his predecessors and, by the end of his 27-year reign, Assyria was master of Mesopotamia, The Levant, western Iran, Israel, Jordan and much of Asia Minor. Due to old age, in the last six years of his reign, he passed command of his armies to the "Turtanu" (General) Dayyan-Assur.