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Ciclosporin, also spelled cyclosporine and cyclosporin, is a calcineurin inhibitor, used as an immunosuppressant medication.It is taken orally or intravenously for rheumatoid arthritis, psoriasis, Crohn's disease, nephrotic syndrome, eczema, and in organ transplants to prevent rejection.
Ciclosporin is a cyclic polypeptide that has been used widely as an orally-available immunosuppressant. [1] It was originally used to prevent transplant rejection of solid organs but has also found use as an orally administered agent to treat psoriasis, [2] rheumatoid arthritis, [3] dry eye [4] and other auto-immune related conditions.
Although it is a structural analogue of tacrolimus, it acts somewhat differently and has different side-effects. Contrary to ciclosporin and tacrolimus, drugs that affect the first phase of T lymphocyte activation, sirolimus affects the second phase, namely signal transduction and lymphocyte clonal proliferation.
Calcineurin is a heterodimer of a 61-kD calmodulin-binding catalytic subunit, calcineurin A and a 19-kD Ca 2+-binding regulatory subunit, calcineurin B.There are three isozymes of the catalytic subunit, each encoded by a separate gene (PPP3CA, PPP3CB, and PPP3CC) and two isoforms of the regulatory, also encoded by separate genes (PPP3R1, PPP3R2).
Medications that may cause excessive hair growth include anabolic steroids, testosterone, cyclosporine (Sandimmune), minoxidil (Rogaine), danazol (Danocrine) and phenytoin (Dilantin®), per the ...
Side effects include burning sensation (common), [4] redness, discharge, watery eyes, eye pain, foreign body sensation, itching, stinging, and blurred vision. [14] [4] Long term use of ciclosporin at high doses is associated with an increased risk of cancer. [48] [49] Cheaper generic alternatives are available in some countries. [50]
Amiodarone, some benzodiazepines, cyclosporine, diphenoxylate, indomethacin, itraconazole, propafenone, quinidine, quinine, spironolactone, and verapamil may lead to toxic levels and increased incidence of side effects. [8] Digoxin plasma concentrations may increase while on antimalarial medication hydroxychloroquine. [3]
People are ingesting borax. Also known by its chemical name sodium borate decahydrate, borax is a salt typically used to kill ants and boost laundry detergent, among other household cleaning needs ...
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