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Supra (Latin for "above") is an academic and legal citation signal used when a writer desires to refer a reader to an earlier-cited authority. For example, an author wanting to refer to a source in their third footnote could cite this as: "See supra note 3". Or for text in that note: "See supra text accompanying note 3".
For example, given a work called The World of Salamanders (1999) by Jane Q. Smith, the style would typically be "Smith op. cit.", usually followed by a page number, to refer the reader to a previous full citation of this work (or with further clarification such as "Smith 1999, op. cit." or "Smith, World of Salamanders, op. cit.", if two sources ...
The two most prominent citation manuals are The Bluebook: A Uniform System of Citation [1] and the ALWD Citation Manual. [2] Some state-specific style manuals also provide guidance on legal citation. The Bluebook citation system is the most comprehensive and the most widely used system by courts, law firms and law reviews. [citation needed]
The Bluebook prescribes rules for the citation of non-legal secondary sources. this Guideline permits the use of the Bluebook's citation style in articles with a U.S. legal subject-matter, but permits other citation styles to be used for secondary-sources even if the Bluebook is used for other sources;
For example, the album notes from Hurts 2B Human should not be cited as being from the album Hurts to be Human, or an X (formerly Twitter) user named "išdogs" should not be cited as "i[love]dogs". Retain the original special glyphs and spelling. Use details in citing. Citations 1–3 are good, while citations 4–6 should be improved.
Example: "New Age s.l. has a strong American flavor influenced by Californian counterculture." sine loco "without place of publication" Commonly used in bibliography. s.s. sensu stricto "in the strict sense" Example: "New Age s.s. refers to a spectrum of alternative communities in Europe and the United States in the 1970s." SOS si opus sit
The Uniform System of Citations thus became a "pioneer" manual. [1] According to Harvard, the origin of The Bluebook was a pamphlet for proper citation forms for articles in the Harvard Law Review written by its editor, Erwin Griswold. [12] However, according to a 2016 study by two Yale librarians, [2] [13] Harvard's claim is incorrect.
The word is used in scholarly citations. vide infra (v. i.) see below: The word is used in scholarly works. vide supra (v. s.) see above: The word is used in scholarly works to refer to previous text in the same document. It is sometimes truncated to "supra". videlicet (viz.) "namely", "that is to say", or "as follows"