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A telegraph code is one of the character encodings used to transmit information by telegraphy. Morse code is the best-known such code.Telegraphy usually refers to the electrical telegraph, but telegraph systems using the optical telegraph were in use before that.
A feature of the Baudot code, and subsequent telegraph codes, was that, unlike Morse code, every character has a code of the same length making it more machine friendly. [38] The Baudot code was used on the earliest ticker tape machines (Calahan, 1867), a system for mass distributing information on current price of publicly listed companies. [39]
Telegraph (and telex) charged per word sent, so companies which sent large volumes of telegrams developed codes to save money on tolls. Elaborate commercial codes which encoded complete phrases into single words were developed and published as codebooks of thousands of phrases and sentences with corresponding codewords.
A wire signal is a brevity code used by telegraphers to save time and cost when sending long messages. The best-known code was the 92 Code adopted by Western Union in 1859. The code was designed to reduce bandwidth consumption over telegraph lines, thus speeding transmissions by utilizing a numerical code system for frequently used phrases.
Although a few abbreviations (such as SX for "dollar") are carried over from former commercial telegraph codes, almost all Morse abbreviations are not commercial codes. From 1845 until well into the second half of the 20th century, commercial telegraphic code books were used to shorten telegrams, e.g. PASCOELA = "Locals have plundered everything from the wreck."
The Phillips Code is a brevity code (shorthand) compiled and expanded in 1879 by Walter P. Phillips (then of the Associated Press) for the rapid transmission of telegraph messages, including press reports.
Baudot developed his first multiplexed telegraph in 1872 [3] [4] and patented it in 1874. [4] [5] In 1876, he changed from a six-bit code to a five-bit code, [4] as suggested by Carl Friedrich Gauss and Wilhelm Weber in 1834, [3] [6] with equal on and off intervals, which allowed for transmission of the Roman alphabet, and included punctuation and control signals.
The New South Wales telegraphic code library consisted of 404 four-letter code words, which eliminated the need to transmit 3703 normal words as sentences on a telegraph. An example of how one code word replaced many normal words, the longest code message in the telegraphic lexicon was Ryzy, which, with the addition of a number and location ...