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Crazing is a spider web pattern of cracks penetrating the glaze. It is caused by tensile stresses greater than the glaze is able to withstand. [1] [2] Common reasons for such stresses are: a mismatch between the thermal expansions of glaze and body; from moisture expansion of the body; and in the case of glazed tiles fixed to a wall, movement of the wall or of the bonding material used to fix ...
These deliberate glazing effects are usually known as "crackle", with crackle[d] glaze or "crackle porcelain" being common terms. It is typically distinguished from crazing , which is accidental craquelure arising as a glaze defect , although in some cases, experts have difficulty in deciding whether milder effects are deliberate or not. [ 10 ]
Crackle glaze A glaze intentionally crazed (minute cracks) for decorative effect. Crawling A parting and contraction of the glaze on the surface of ceramic ware during drying or firing, resulting in unglazed areas bordered by coalesced glaze. May be caused by uneven glazing, excessive glaze thickness or a greasy substrate. [8] Crazing
Glass was used in mosaics as early as 2500 BC, but it was not until the 3rd century BC that innovative artisans in Greece, Persia, and India created glass tiles.. Whereas clay tile is dated as early as 8,000 BC, there were significant barriers to the development of glass tile, including the high temperatures required to melt glass and the complexities of annealing glass curves.
Glazing of pottery followed the invention of glass around 1500 BC, in the Middle East and Egypt with alkali glazes including ash glaze, and in China, using ground feldspar. By around 100 BC lead-glazing was widespread in the Old World. [3] Glazed brick goes back to the Elamite Temple at Chogha Zanbil, dated to the 13th century BC.
Crazes in polystyrene (PS). Crazing is a yielding mechanism in polymers characterized by the formation of a fine network of microvoids and fibrils. [1] [2] These structures (known as crazes) typically appear as linear features and frequently precede brittle fracture.
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