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The Bhakti movement in Hinduism refers to ideas and engagement that emerged in the medieval era on love and devotion to religious concepts built around one or more gods and goddesses. The Bhakti movement preached against the caste system and used local languages and so the message reached the masses. One who practices bhakti is called a bhakta ...
Dasa Sahitya (Kannada: ದಾಸ ಸಾಹಿತ್ಯ) is a genre of literature of the bhakti movement composed by devotees in honor of Vishnu or one of his avatars. Dasa is literally servant in Kannada and sahitya is literature. Haridasas ("servants of God") were preachers of bhakti to Vishnu or one of his avatars.
The Bhagavad Gita (/ ˈ b ʌ ɡ ə v ə d ˈ ɡ iː t ɑː /; [1] Sanskrit: भगवद्गीता, IPA: [ˌbʱɐɡɐʋɐd ˈɡiːtɑː], romanized: bhagavad-gītā, lit. 'God's song'), [a] often referred to as the Gita (IAST: gītā), is a Hindu scripture, dated to the second or first century BCE, [7] which forms part of the epic poem Mahabharata.
Raganuga-bhakti, on the other hand, follows ragatmika-bhakti, [42] [43] the bhakti present in Krishna's eternal associates, which is driven by raga, a natural absorption in the object of service. [44] [45] Jiva Goswami's conclusion in Bhakti Sandarbha is that raganuga-bhakti is the only abhidheya, viable process, recommended by the Bhagavatam. [27]
[40] [41] [web 1] Basava was a 12th-century Hindu philosopher, statesman, Kannada poet in the Shiva-focused Bhakti movement and a social reformer during the reign of the Kalachuri king Bijjala II (reigned 1157–1167) in Karnataka, India. [42] [web 7] [note 8] Basava grew up in a Brahmin family with a tradition of Shaivism.
The Swadhyaya Movement or Swadhyaya Parivara started in mid 20th-century in the western states of India, particularly Maharashtra and Gujarat. [1] Founded by Pandurang Shastri Athavale (1920-2003), the movement emphasizes self-study (swadhyaya), selfless devotion and application of Indian scriptures such as the Upanishads and Bhagavad gita for spiritual, social and economic liberation.
Smarta Brahmins in Western India (c. 1855–1862). The Smarta tradition (Sanskrit: स्मार्त, IAST: Smārta), also called Smartism, is a movement in Hinduism that developed and expanded with the Puranas genre of literature. [2]
Basava (1131–1196), also called Basavēśvara and Basavaṇṇa, was an Indian philosopher, poet, Lingayat social reformer in the Shiva-focused bhakti movement, and a Hindu Shaivite [4] social reformer during the reign of the Kalyani Chalukya/Kalachuri dynasty.