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Historically a cesium chloride (CsCl) solution was often used, but more commonly used density gradients are sucrose or Percoll.This application requires a solution with high density and yet relatively low viscosity, and CsCl suits it because of its high solubility in water, high density owing to the large mass of Cs, as well as low viscosity and high stability of CsCl solutions.
The caesium chloride structure adopts a primitive cubic lattice with a two-atom basis, where both atoms have eightfold coordination. The chloride atoms lie upon the lattice points at the corners of the cube, while the caesium atoms lie in the holes in the center of the cubes; an alternative and exactly equivalent 'setting' has the caesium ions at the corners and the chloride ion in the center.
Isotonic (of equal water potential)—this prevents water gain or loss by the organelles; Cool—reducing the overall activity of enzyme released later in the procedure; Centrifugation is the first step in most fractionations. Through low-speed centrifugation, cell debris may be removed, leaving a supernatant preserving the contents of the cell.
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The method is distinguished from zone-sedimentation in that a stabilizing density gradient is self-generated during centrifugation, through the use of a higher density (than the sample) bulk "binary solvent", containing both a solvent (i.e. H 2 O), and a second component (small molecules, i.e. CsCl) that will sediment to form a stabilizing ...
Isopycnic centrifugation, often used to isolate nucleic acids such as DNA; Sucrose gradient centrifugation, often used to purify enveloped viruses and ribosomes, and also to separate cell organelles from crude cellular extracts; There are different types of laboratory centrifuges: Microcentrifuges